Table 5. Measures of diagnostic accuracy obtained by latent class analysis, with random effects, adjusted from the all the defining characteristics of the ineffective breathing pattern and impaired spontaneous ventilation diagnoses, in the subsamples of patients. Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, 2016.
| Defining characteristics | Se* | 95% CI † | Sp ‡ | 95% CI † | |||
| 1. Patients on spontaneous ventilation (n § =323) | |||||||
| Fatigue | 0.500 | 0.001 | 0.996 | 0.703 | 0.649 | 0.754 | |
| Increased restlessness | 0.332 | 0.000 | 0.999 | 0.760 | 0.711 | 0.806 | |
| Prolonged expiration phase | 0.165 | 0.000 | 0.999 | 0.895 | 0.859 | 0.924 | |
| Alterations in tidal volume | 0.500 | 0.002 | 0.997 | 0.895 | 0.855 | 0.926 | |
| Decrease in inspiratory pressure | 1.000 | 0.999 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | |
| Decrease in expiratory pressure | 1.000 | 0.999 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | |
| Decrease in SaO2 || | 0.332 | 0.000 | 0.999 | 0.965 | 0.933 | 0.979 | |
| Prevalence | 1.9% | G 2¶ : 51.6 | DF**: 112 | p †† =0.999 | |||
| 2. Patients on noninvasive mechanical ventilation (n=128) | |||||||
| Use of three-point position | 0.211 | 0.134 | 0.324 | 0.855 | 0.696 | 0.932 | |
| Decrease in cooperation | 0.377 | 0.270 | 0.520 | 0.776 | 0.612 | 0.877 | |
| Abnormal breathing pattern | 0.843 | 0.689 | 0.925 | 0.321 | 0.210 | 0.488 | |
| Alterations in tidal volume | 0.848 | 0.692 | 0.930 | 0.492 | 0.361 | 0.644 | |
| Altered ventilation/perfusion ratio | 0.770 | 0.002 | 0.997 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | |
| Altered arterial blood gases | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.711 | 0.002 | 0.995 | |
| Decrease in expiratory pressure | 1.000 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.016 | 0.000 | 0.999 | |
| Prevalence | 52.8% | G 2 : 44.3 | DF: 112 | p=1.000 | |||
| 3. Patients on invasive mechanical ventilation (n=175) | |||||||
| Cyanosis of the skin, lips or extremities | 0.227 | 0.129 | 0.411 | 0.779 | 0.689 | 0.843 | |
| Use of three-point position | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.926 | 0.858 | 0.961 | |
| Apprehensiveness | 0.189 | 0.108 | 0.350 | 0.894 | 0.801 | 0.941 | |
| Decrease in cooperation | 0.999 | 0.724 | 1.000 | 1.000 | 0.999 | 1.000 | |
| Increased restlessness | 0.866 | 0.370 | 0.976 | 0.812 | 0.680 | 0.876 | |
| Abnormal breathing pattern | 0.715 | 0.586 | 0.819 | 0.384 | 0.302 | 0.475 | |
| Altered arterial blood gases | 0.659 | 0.512 | 0.782 | 0.384 | 0.307 | 0.478 | |
| Hypoxia | 0.753 | 0.559 | 0.867 | 0.894 | 0.787 | 0.938 | |
| Prevalence | 30.3% | G 2 : 150.8 | DF: 158 | p=0.644 | |||
*Sensitivity; †95% Confidence Interval; ‡Specificity; §Number of patients; ||Arterial oxygen saturation; G2 Statistic of the likelihood ratio; **Degrees of freedom; ††Level of significance