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. 2017 Dec 20;10:616. doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2579-5

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© The Author(s). 2017

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 4 — Multivariate analysis of the bacterial profiles of the Goanna tick (Bothriocroton undatum). Non-metric MDS ordination (nMDS) plots for bacterial abundance and analysis of similarity (ANOSIM). The ordinations are from abundances at the genus or class level of (a) 124 OTUs (V1-V3 16S rRNA gene diversity profiling assay) and (b) 126 OTUs (V3-V4 16S rRNA gene diversity profiling assay), with resulting stress values of (a) 0.09 (genus), 0.10 (class) and (b) 0.18 (genus), 0.10 (class). Superimposed are vector plots for taxa (correlation > 0.8) displaying observed responses to the gradient [direction reflects the Pearson correlation of transformed abundances, length represents the multiple correlation coefficient from the linear regression on the ordination points (circle is a correlation = 1)]. Individual halved ticks are joined by solid lines to identify the community differences using nMDS. Histograms of permutated distributions of the test statistics R (up to 999 permutations, ANOSIM; null hypothesis - is no significant difference among communities, P < 0.05) with observed R (bold) at different taxonomic level evaluated for DNA isolation method (transparent) and tick (red) (c, d)