Table 3.
Effect of Weight-lifting on Arm Tissue Composition (N=141)
| Baselinec | Δ Baseline to Month 12 | Δ Between Group over Time | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LS Mean (95% CI) | LS Mean (95% CI) | LS Mean (95% CI) | P | |
| Affected Arm | ||||
| Arm Volume, ml | 0.60 | |||
| Control | 2956.3 (2922.3, 2989.7) | −29.0±2 (−77.3, 19.3) | ||
| Weight-lifting | 2966.0 (2932.8, 2999.8) | −10.9 (−59.1, 37.3) | 18.3 (−50.1, 86.3) | |
| Fat, ga | 0.13 | |||
| Control | 2018.1 (1981.2, 2055.1) | −28.7 (81.9, 24.6) | ||
| Weight-lifting | 2024.7 (1988.3, 2061.3) | −86.6 (−139.0, −34.2) | −57.9 (−132.6, 16.7) | |
| Arm Fat Percentage, %b | 0.003 | |||
| Control | 46.5 (46.0, 47.0) | −0.2 (−0.9, 0.5) | ||
| Weight-lifting | 46.0 (45.9, 46.9) | −1.7 (−2.4, −1.0) | −1.5 −2.5,−0.5) | |
| Lean,ga | 0.01 | |||
| Control | 2509.2 (2482.2, 2536.3) | −9.6 (−48.6, 29.4) | ||
| Weight-lifting | 2518.8 (2492.1, 2545.5) | 61.6 (23.2, 100.0) | 71.2 (16.5, 125.9) | |
| BMD, mg/cm2a | 0.02 | |||
| Control | 680.1 (674.4, 685.7) | −1.2 (−9.2, 6.9) | ||
| Weight-lifting | 680.6 (675.0, 686.1) | 12.8 (4.8, 20.8) | 14.0 (2.6, 25.3) | |
| BMC, ga | 0.46 | |||
| Control | 132.0 (130. 3, 133.7) | −1.3 (−3.7, 1.1) | ||
| Weight-lifting | 132.4 (130.8, 134.1) | −0.02 (−2.4, 2.4) | 1.3 (−2.1, 4.7) | |
| Unaffected Arm | ||||
| Arm Volume, ml | 0.58 | |||
| Control | 2556.9 (2531.4, 2582.4) | −4.2±18.7 (− 40.7, 32.4) | ||
| Weight-lifting | 2566.9 (2541.6, 2592.3) | 10.5 (−25.9, 47.0) | 14.7 (−37.0, 66.3) | |
| Fat, ga | 0.80 | |||
| Control | 1929.8 (1893.9, 1965.6) | −42.8 (−9 4.5, 8.9) | ||
| Weight-lifting | 1928.3 (1892.9, 1963.7) | −52.2±25.9 (−103.1, −1.4) | −9.4 (82.0, 63.1) | |
| Arm Fat Percentage, %b | 0.10 | |||
| Control | 46.4 (45.9, 46.9) | −0.7 (−1.4, 0.1) | ||
| Weight-lifting | 46.3 (45.8, 46.8) | −1.6 −2.3,−0.8) | −0.9 (−1.9, 0.2) | |
| Lean, ga | 0.04 | |||
| Control | 2368.3 (2336.8, 2399.7) | 12.5 (−32.7, 57.8) | ||
| Weight-lifting | 2377.4 (2346.4, 2408.5) | 77.7 (33.1, 122.2) | 65.2 (1.7, 128.7) | 0.36 |
| BMD, mg/cm2a | ||||
| Control | 684.9 (680.2, 689.6) | 8.1 (1.3, 14.9) | ||
| Weight-lifting | 684.9 (680.3, 689.6) | 3.6 (−3.1, 10.3) | −4.5 (−14.0, 5.0) | |
| BMC, ga | 0.62 | |||
| Control | 135.5 (134. 3, 136.8) | −2.3 (−4.1, −0.4) | ||
| Weight-lifting | 135.6 (134.4, 136.9) | −1.6 (−3.4, 0.2) | −0.6 (−1. 9, 3.2) | |
| Norman Lymphedema Surveyb | ||||
| Number of Symptoms | 0.06 | |||
| Control | 5.4±0.2 (5.1, 5.8) | −1.2 (−1.7, −0.7) | ||
| Weight-lifting | 5.5 (5.2, 5.8) | −1.9 −2.3,−1.4) | −0.65 (−1.3, 0.04) | |
| Severity of Symptoms | 0.08 | |||
| Control | 2.0 (1.8, 2.1) | −0.2 (−0.4, −0.1) | ||
| Weight-lifting | 2.0 (1.9, 2.1) | −0.4 −0.6,−0.3) | −0.20 (−0.4, 0.02) | |
LS Mean: least-squares mean, 95%CI: 95% Confidence Interval
a
adjusted for baseline measurements, arm volume, race, lymphedema grade, cancer stage, months since diagnosis, radiation. No 3-way (group-time-arm) interactions observed for fat, muscle, BMC
b
adjusted for baseline measurements, race, lymphedema grade, cancer stage, months since diagnosis, radiation.
c
baseline values were estimated from the linear mixed models adjusted for covariates