Frequency and level of DNA methylation of SFRP1, SFRP2, SDC2, and PRIMA1 promoters in plasma samples. Presence (A) of all 4 genes' promoter methylation was significantly higher in adenoma and cancer cases compared with healthy controls in 121 plasma samples (P < 0.05, in all cases). Panel A: Using MethyLight assays, methylation of SFRP1, SFRP2, SDC2, and PRIMA1 was detected in 85.1% (40/47), 72.3% (34/47), 89.4% (42/47), and 80.9% (38/47) in the plasma fraction of patients with CRC and 89.2% (33/37), 83.8% (31/37), 81.1% (30/37), and 70.3% (26/37) of adenoma patients, respectively. Panel B: The average percentage of DNA methylation (B) showed continuous increase along the adenoma-carcinoma sequence. N: normal; AD: adenoma; CRC: colorectal cancer.