Table 1. Participant demographics for those at risk of a first breakthrough seizure, n (%) unless otherwise stated.
| Characteristic | Arm A (n = 1067) |
Arm B (n = 526) |
Total (n = 1593) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male | 609 (57) | 314 (60) | 923 (58) |
| Febrile Seizure History | 61 (6) | 44 (8) | 105 (7) |
| Epilepsy in first degree relative | 111 (10) | 89 (17) | 200 (13) |
| Neurological insult | 104 (10) | 52 (10) | 156 (10) |
| Seizures | |||
| Simple or Complex Partial with Secondary Generalised Seizures | 597 (56) | 15 (3) | 622 (39) |
| Simple or Complex Partial only | 328 (31) | 25 (4) | 343 (22) |
| Generalised tonic-clonic seizures only | 15 (1) | 154 (29) | 169 (11) |
| Absence seizures | 2 (0) | 82 (16) | 84 (5) |
| Myoclonic or absence seizures with tonic- clonic seizures | 3 (0) | 106 (20) | 109 (7) |
| Tonic-clonic seizures, uncertain if focal or generalised | 113 (11) | 114 (22) | 227 (14) |
| Other | 9 (1) | 30 (6) | 39 (2) |
| Epilepsy type | |||
| Partial | 929 (87) | 40 (8) | 969 (61) |
| Generalised | 21 (2) | 357 (68) | 378 (24) |
| Unclassified | 117 (11) | 129 (24) | 246 (15) |
| EEG results | |||
| Normal | 472 (44) | 129 (25) | 601 (38) |
| Non-specific Abnormality | 180 (17) | 55 (10) | 235 (15) |
| Epileptiform Abnormality | 328 (31) | 321 (61) | 649 (40) |
| Not donea | 87 (8) | 21 (4) | 108 (7) |
| CT/MRI scan results | |||
| Normal | 639 (60) | 233 (44) | 872 (55) |
| Abnormal | 262 (25) | 30 (6) | 292 (18) |
| Not doneb | 166 (15) | 263 (50) | 429 (27) |
| Drugs attempted to achieve 12-month remission | |||
| One | 805 (75) | 397 (75) | 1202 (75) |
| Two or more | 262 (25) | 129 (25) | 391 (25) |
| Number of tonic-clonic seizures ever from randomisation to achievement of 12-month remission, median (IQR) | 2 (0, 4) | 3 (1, 5) | 2 (0, 5) |
| Age at achievement of 12-month remission (years), median (IQR) |
38 (25, 55) | 20 (14, 30) | 31 (19, 49) |
| Time to achieve 12-month remission from randomisation (years), median (IQR) | 1.1 (1.0, 1.8) | 1.1 (1.0, 1.8) | 1.1 (1.0, 1.8) |
aMost of these patients had focal epilepsy
bMost of these patients were aged < 20 years