Fig 4. Driver’s frequency and bandwidth selection (simulations).

(a,b) Two examples of grid-search over both f_x and Δf_x, over simulated signals with (a) Δf_x(simu) = 0.4 Hz and (b) Δf_x(simu) = 1.6 Hz. For all bandwidths (except 6.4 Hz), the negative log-likelihood is minimal at the correct frequency f_x = 4 Hz. (c) To see more precisely the bandwidth estimation, we plot the negative log-likelihood (relative to each minimum for readability), for several ground-truth bandwidth Δf_x(simu), with f_x = 4 Hz. For each line, the minimum correctly estimates the ground-truth bandwidth (depicted as a diamond), showing empirically that the parameter selection method gives satisfying results.