LC vaccines stimulate CD4 and CD8 T-cell cytokine secretion and activation epitope expression in patients with melanoma. Responses against TRP2 mRNA-electroporated LCs were measured at approximately one and three months after completion of vaccines, and compared with pre-vaccine levels. (A) CD4 and (B) CD8 T-cell pro-inflammatory cytokine (IFN-γ, IL-2, and TNF-α) secretion and activation epitope (CD107a and Mip-1-β) expression, fold-change. For panels A and B, pooled data (triplicate means ± SEM; *P < .05) from seven patients are shown. (C) CD4 and (D) CD8 T-cell pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and activation epitope expression, percent-expression for individual patients pre-vaccine (white bar) and at one (gray bar) and three (black bar) months after completion of vaccines. For panels C and D, Y-axis indicates percent-expression for each marker, and X-axis indicates patient number. For patients #3 and 4, single data points are shown. For patients #5–9, pooled data (triplicate means ± SD) are shown. (E) Composite cytokine secretion and activation epitope expression profile of individual patients.