Table 2. Subgroup and sensitive analyses for HBV infection on the risk of NAFLD.
| Subgroup | No. of studies | RR (95%CI) | I2 value (%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All studies | 5 | 0.71 (0.53, 0.90) | 75.2 | 0.006 |
| Study quality | ||||
| ≥ 7 | 4 | 0.70 (0.55, 0.86) | 71.3 | 0.015 |
| < 7 | 1 | 3.96 (2.1, 7.48) | — | — |
| Study design | ||||
| Cohort | 1 | 0.83 (0.73, 0.94) | — | — |
| Case control | 1 | 3.96 (2.10, 7.48) | — | — |
| Cross sectional | 3 | 0.63 (0.47, 0.79) | 21.9 | 0.278 |
| Adjustment for confounders | ||||
| Alcohol intake | ||||
| Yes | 2 | 0.66 (0.26, 0.92) | 80.4 | 0.024 |
| No | 3 | 1.02 (0.23, 1.81) | 69.0 | 0.040 |
| Cholesterol level | ||||
| Yes | 3 | 0.63 (0.47, 0.79) | 71.3 | 0.015 |
| No | 2 | 0.92 (0.81, 1.61) | 80.7 | 0.203 |
| Diabetes | ||||
| Yes | 3 | 0.63 (0.47, 0.79) | 21.9 | 0.278 |
| No | 2 | 0.92 (0.81, 1.61) | 80.7 | 0.203 |
| Diagnosis of fatty liver | ||||
| Ultrasound | 4 | 0.77 (0.57, 0.97) | 77.6 | 0.004 |
| H-MRS | 1 | 0.42 (0.20, 0.88) | — | — |
| Sensitive analyses | ||||
| High quality studies | 4 | 0.70 (0.55, 0.86) | 71.3 | 0.015 |
| Excluding the study using MRS | 4 | 0.77 (0.57, 0.97) | 77.6 | 0.004 |
| Fixed-effects vs random-effects model method | ||||
| Fixed-effects model | 5 | 0.70 (0.65, 0.76) | 75.2 | 0.003 |
| Random-effects model | 5 | 0.71 (0.53, 0.90) | 75.2 | 0.003 |
HBV, hepatitis B virus. NAFLD, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. RR, relative risk; CI, confidence interval.