Table 3. Correlations Between Suffering (Psychological and Overall) and Demographic and Clinical Variables.
| ET Patients’ Self-report of Suffering | COs’ Perception of Suffering | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Correlation with self-reported psychological suffering or mean±standard deviation (median) of self-reported psychological suffering |
Correlation with self-reported overall suffering or mean±standard deviation (median) of self-reported overall suffering |
Correlation with perceived psychological suffering or mean±standard deviation (median) of perceived psychological suffering |
Correlation with perceived overall suffering or mean±standard deviation (median) of perceived overall suffering |
|
| Age of ET patient (years) | r=0.081 | r=0.151 | r=0.131 | r=−0.081 |
| Age of COs (years) | r=−0.071 | r=−0.171 | r=−0.071 | r=−0.071 |
| Gender of ET patient | ||||
| Male | 11.4±11.9 (6.0)2 | 3.8±2.9 (3.0)2 | 11.4±11.9 (6.0)2 | 3.8±2.9 (3.0)2 |
| Female | 11.4±7.7 (9.0) | 3.1±1.6 (3.0) | 11.4±7.7 (9.0) | 3.1±1.6 (3.0) |
| Gender of COs | ||||
| Male | 7.9±4.1 (7.0)2 | 3.6±2.3 (7.0)*2 | 9.3±7.7 (7.0)2 | 2.9±1.5 (3.0)2 |
| Female | 8.9±9.0 (7.0) | 2.4±1.9 (2.0) | 12.5±10.1 (9.0) | 3.6±2.5 (3.0) |
| Education of ET patients (years) | r=−0.071 | r=−0.171 | r=0.101 | r=−0.191 |
| Education of COs (years) | r=0.061 | r=0.30*1 | r=0.171 | r=0.151 |
| Family history of ET | ||||
| Yes | 9.5±9.2 (7.0)2 | 3.3±2.4 (3.0)2 | 9.5±9.2 (7.0)2 | 3.3±2.4 (3.0)2 |
| No | 11.0±9.4 (11.0) | 3.5±2.0 (3.0) | 11.0±9.4 (11.0) | 3.5±2.0 (3.0) |
| Tremor duration (years) | r=0.31**1 | r=0.161 | r=0.28**1 | r=0.201 |
| Age at tremor onset (years) | r=−0.24*1 | r=−0.101 | r=−0.191 | r=−0.161 |
| Tremor disability score | r=0.36***1 | r=0.36**1 | r=0.121 | r=0.32**1 |
| Total tremor score | r=0.081 | r=0.161 | r=0.121 | r=0.25*1 |
| Total medications for ET patients | r=0.27 | r=0.19 | r=0.50*** | r=0.44*** |
| Psychological suffering score | ||||
| ET patient | NA | r=0.54***1 | r=0.52***1 | r=0.41***1 |
| CO | r=0.52***1 | r=0.34**1 | NA | r=0.61***1 |
| Overall suffering score | ||||
| ET patient | r=0.54***1 | NA | r=0.34**1 | r=0.40***1 |
| CO | r=0.41***1 | r=0.40***1 | r=0.61***1 | NA |
| Geriatric Depression Scale | r=0.76***1 | r=0.47***1 | r=0.46***1 | r=0.45***1 |
| CESD-10 | r=0.25*1 | r=0.091 | r=0.33**1 | r=0.261 |
| CO stress level | r=0.33**1 | r=-0.041 | r=0.37***1 | r=0.27*1 |
Abbreviations: CESD-10, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-10; CO, Close Others; ET, Essential Tremor; NA, Not Applicable.
Data are mean±standard deviation (median), Pearson’s or Spearman’s rho (degrees of freedom=48).
***
Significant at the 0.01 level;
**
significant at the 0.05 level;
*
marginally significant at the 0.10 level.
1
Spearman’s rho.
2
Mann–Whitney test.