. 2017 Dec 21;62(1):e01730-17. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01730-17

TABLE 6.

Identified environmental sources and reservoirs for CRE^b

Environmental source or reservoir	Study reference(s)
Sinks	125,^a 137, 140, 142,^a 157,^a 166,^a 174,^a 176, 177,^a 178
Patient bed (e.g., bedrail, mattress)	103, 133,^a 157,^a 167,^a 168,^a 178
Mechanical ventilation equipment	142,^a 167 ^a 168,^a 172,^a 179 ^a
Positive cultures from nurses (hands)	103, 151,^a 152,^a 157 ^a
Endoscope	92, 122, 180 ^a
Duodenoscope	105,^a 181 ^a
Urinary catheter	145,^a 173
Monitor (e.g., vital signs, television)	103, 167 ^a
Shower/shower equipment	137, 178
Table	157,^a 172 ^a
Ureteroscope	182 ^a
Razor	108 ^a
Incubator	151 ^a
Radiant warmer	152 ^a
Suction equipment	178
Wastewater drainage system	145 ^a
Stethoscope	145 ^a
Intravenous pole	167 ^a
Infusion pump	157 ^a
Janet syringe	103
Cabinet	103
Intravenous infusion counter apparatus	103
Enteral feeding formula	103

The study proved the source or reservoir by molecular typing of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates.

CRE, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.