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Fidaxomicin inhibits toxin A-mediated TNF-α expression via NF-κB inhibition. (A and B) Western blot showing the protein signals of phosphorylated NF-κB (pNF-κB), total NF-κB, and GAPDH in RAW264.7 macrophages. (C and D) TNF-α levels in conditioned medium of RAW264.7 macrophages. The results are pooled from three separate experiments. **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001.
