Time-kill curves of carbapenem-resistant ceftolozane-tazobactam-susceptible and ceftazidime-avibactam-susceptible P. aeruginosa clinical isolates exposed to ceftolozane-tazobactam (A, B, C, and D) and ceftazidime-avibactam (E, F, G, and H). (A and E) PAO1. (B and F) An isolate with downregulated oprD and upregulated ampC (isolate 42). (C and G) An isolate with downregulated oprD (isolate 91). (D and H) An isolate with downregulated oprD and upregulated mexB (isolate 186). The lower limit of detection for this assay was 1 CFU/ml.