Figure 4.

Effect of DHMDT on LPS-stimulated TNF-α and IL-1β production in RAW 264.7 macrophages. The RAW 264.7 cells were pretreated with DHMDT for 1 h prior to the LPS treatment. Following incubation for 24 h, the levels of (A) IL-1β and (B) TNF-α present in the supernatants were measured. Each value indicates the mean ± standard deviation and is representative of the results obtained from three independent experiments. ***P<0.001 vs. the untreated control; ^#P<0.05, ^##P<0.01 and ^###P<0.001 vs. cells cultured with 500 ng/ml LPS only. DHMDT, Daehwangmokdantang; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IL, interleukin.