Table 3.

Overviw of results from EWAS analyses for intra-pair difference in level of lung function at follow-up (p value < 10⁻⁵)

Lung function measure	Probe	Estimate	p value	Chromosome	Bp (hg19)	Proximal gene	CGI feature	Methylationa of “inferior” twin
Log-ΔzFEV1IP	cg04261072	− 0.054	4.33E−06	13	79,977,499	RBM26	Body-shelf	Hyper
	cg10196163	− 0.062	7.62E−06	14	10,556,0628	NA	IGR-shore	Hyper
	cg12552820	− 0.033	2.69E−06	1	2,231,925	SKI	Body-shore	Hyper
	cg13971574	− 0.037	9.65E−06	2	39,102,874	MORN2	TSS1500-island	Hyper
	cg18582260	− 0.079	3.99E−06	13	25,085,301	PARP4	5′UTR-shore	Hyper
	cg20552903	− 0.038	5.81E−06	6	33,289,678	DAXX	Body-shore	Hyper
	cg23759053	− 0.136	5.99E−06	7	34,173,999	BMPER	Body-open sea	Hyper
	cg23840275	− 0.045	2.62E−06	13	20,969,493	NA	IGR-shore	Hyper
	cg27180671	− 0.050	7.51E−06	17	65,527,566	PITPNC1	Body-open sea	Hyper
Log-ΔzFVCIP	cg00008488	− 0.0935	8.23E−06	5	175,199,915	NA	IGR-shore	Hyper
	cg00306721	− 0.0797	9.54E−06	11	62,477,480	BSCL2	TSS1500-island	Hyper
	cg01028379	0.0617	2.84E−06	7	4,798,471	FOXK1	Body-shore	Hypo
	cg02071292	− 0.2366	7.14E−08 FDR	12	75,785,097	GLIPR1L2	1stExon-island	Hyper
	cg07311024	− 0.1553	1.96E−06	12	75,785,089	GLIPR1L2	1stExon-island	Hyper
	cg15909232	− 0.1167	5.08E−06	7	156,235,420	NA	IGR-open sea	Hyper
	cg15942481	− 0.1366	8.77E−06	12	75,785,230	GLIPR1L2	Body-island	Hyper
	cg17154159	0.0832	6.02E−06	6	160,401,562	IGF2R	Body-open sea	Hypo
	cg22089890	− 0.0391	4.20E−06	17	48,708,077	NA	IGR – shelf	Hyper
	cg25249300	− 0.0660	1.36E−07	2	54,483,341	TSPYL6	1stExon – island	Hyper
ΔzFEV1/FVCIP	cg00347643	0.1747	7.88E−06	7	75,957,202	YWHAG	3′UTR-shore	Hypo
	cg00995220	0.1333	2.13E−07	6	56,259,582	NA	IGR-open sea	Hypo
	cg04697953	0.0849	4.43E−06	2	179,299,404	PRKRA	Body-open sea	Hypo
	cg06244016	0.1917	2.17E−06	6	151,186,511	MTHFD1L	TSS200-shore	Hypo
	cg07219303	0.1575	3.92E−06	4	100,140,905	ADH6	TSS1500-open sea	Hypo
	cg11980944	0.0863	8.55E−06	1	205,399,731	NA	IGR-open sea	Hypo
	cg13107302	0.0995	5.69E−06	17	75,237,970	NA	IGR-open sea	Hypo
	cg13912599	0.1229	2.66E−06	1	150,959,380	ANXA9	Body-open sea	Hypo
	cg18221862	− 0.1038	4.81E−06	2	193,059,230	TMEFF2	1stExon-island	Hyper
	cg18537205	− 0.1205	9.86E−06	10	114,575,091	VTI1A	Body-open sea	Hyper
	cg19529957	0.1367	5.50E−06	7	4,198,590	SDK1	Body-open sea	Hypo

Bold indicates significance p < 1 × 10⁻⁶. Probes were annotated with the most proximal gene, genomic position Bp (hg19), and CpG island context (CGI feature)

Estimate intra-pair difference in M value (logit-transformed beta), FDR false discovery rate < 0.05, TSS200 region spanning from transcription start site (TSS) to 200 bp upstream of TSS, TSS1500 region spanning from − 200 to − 1500 bp upstream of TSS, 5′UTR 5′ untranslated region, IGR intergenic region, NA not applicable, Hyper hyper-methylation, Hypo hypo-methylation

^aRelative DNA methylation of “inferior” twin compared to “superior” twin