Effects of BM-MSCs and AD-MSCs on the activation, proliferation and apoptosis of HSCs in a co-culture system. HSCs were co-cultured with either BM-MSCs or AD-MSCs for 72 h and HSC activation, proliferation and apoptosis were examined. (A) Western blot analysis of α-SMA expression in the control and MSC-treated groups. *P<0.05 vs. control groups, ΔP<0.05 vs. BM-MSCs. (B) HSC proliferation in the control and MSC-treated groups. *P<0.05 vs. control groups; ΔP<0.05 vs. BM-MSCs. (C) Apoptotic HSCs in the control and MSC-treated groups. BM-MSCs, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; AD-MSCs, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells; HSCs, hepatic stellate cells; α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin. *P<0.05 vs. control; **P<0.05 vs. control, ΔP<0.05 vs. BM-MSCs.