Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics
| Non-fallers (n = 190) | Fallers (n = 57) | Overall (n = 247) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 71.0 77.0 83.0 (77.3 ± 7.3) | 74.0 78.0 83.0 (78.2 ± 6.2) | 73.0 77.0 83.0 (77.5 ± 7.1) | 0.381 |
| Women | 75% (143) | 74% (42) | 75% (185) | 0.812 |
| Stroke or Parkinson’s disease | 6% (12) | 9% (5) | 7% (17) | 0.532 |
| Number of comorbidities | 1.0 2.0 4.0 (2.6 ± 1.6) | 2.0 3.0 4.0 (2.8 ± 1.6) | 1.0 2.0 4.0 (2.6 ± 1.6) | 0.321 |
| History of previous falls | 43% (81) | 60% (34) | 47% (115) | 0.0242 |
| Baseline SPPBa | 4.0 7.0 9.0 (6.8 ± 3.1) | 3.0 5.0 8.0 (5.7 ± 3.0) | 4.0 7.0 9.0 (6.5 ± 3.1) | 0.0251 |
| Baseline MFESb | 78,115,128 (100 ± 34) | 66,104,128 (95 ± 33) | 76,112,128 (99 ± 34) | 0.351 |
| Baseline CoPc Velocity-APd (cm/s) | 0.73 0.91 1.24 (1.11 ± 0.66) | 0.75 1.03 1.44 (1.26 ± 0.81) | 0.73 0.95 1.29 (1.15 ± 0.70) | 0.231 |
| Baseline CoPc Velocity-MLe (cm/s) | 0.45 0.54 0.69 (0.64 ± 0.37) | 0.49 0.58 0.85 (0.70 ± 0.31) | 0.45 0.54 0.74 (0.65 ± 0.35) | 0.0661 |
| Gait speed at 6 months (m/s) | 0.42 0.61 0.81 (0.59 ± 0.26) | 0.31 0.50 0.64 (0.50 ± 0.25) | 0.38 0.56 0.77 (0.57 ± 0.26) | 0.0081 |
Continuous variables are summarized as 25th 50th 75th percentiles and mean ± SD
Median value is captured in boldface
1Wilcoxon rank sum test; 2Pearson’s χ2 test
aSPPB – short Physical Performance Battery; ranges from 0 to 12, with higher scores indicating greater physical functioning
bMFES – modified Falls Efficacy Scale; ranges from 0 to 140, with higher scores indicating greater falls efficacy
cCoP – centre of pressure
dAP – anteroposterior
eML – mediolateral