Table 4.

This table depicts two multivariate, mixed effects models for cost of a) transcatheter device closure of ASD and b) operative closure of ASD adjusted for the listed covariates. Coefficients greater than one demonstrate an association with higher cost, while those less than one demonstrate an association with lower cost.

Table 4a. Multivariable mixed effects model TC-ASD cost
	Coefficient	95% CI	p
Date of procedure (per year)	0.99	0.96–1.01	0.21
Subject age (per year)	1.00	1.00-1.00	0.52
Female sex	1.00	0.96–1.05	0.91
Race
White	1	n/a	n/a
Black	1.07	0.97–1.18	0.15
Asian	0.96	0.90–1.03	0.26
Other	0.98	0.92–1.04	0.44
Missing/unknown	1.02	0.92–1.14	0.67
Payer
Private insurance	1	n/a	n/a
Medicaid/CHIP	1.01	0.96–1.06	0.69
Other government insurance	1.07	0.95–1.20	0.24
Other	1.07	0.96–1.19	0.22
Genetic syndrome	1.06	0.95–1.19	0.29
Gastrointestinal condition	2.18	1.47–3.21	<0.001
Hematologic condition	1.57	0.97–2.53	0.07
Neurologic condition	1.38	1.00–1.90	0.05
Respiratory condition	3.25	1.92–5.51	<0.001
Other medical condition	1.74	1.04–2.92	0.03

Table 4b. Multivariable mixed effects model O-ASD cost
	Coefficient	95% CI	p
Date of procedure (per year)	1.03	1.01–1.04	0.002
Subject age (per year)	1.01	1.00–1.01	0.07
Female sex	0.92	0.85–1.00	0.06
Race
White	1	n/a	n/a
Black	1.32	1.04–1.69	0.02
Asian	0.78	0.64–0.94	0.01
Other	0.97	0.89–1.06	0.50
Missing/unknown	1.03	0.78–1.34	0.84
Payer
Private insurance	1	n/a	n/a
Medicaid/CHIP	1.14	1.03–1.26	0.009
Other government insurance	1.10	0.96–1.27	0.17
Other	1.27	1.06–1.51	0.008
Genetic syndrome	1.07	0.88–1.29	0.49
Gastrointestinal condition	1.63	1.01–2.65	0.047
Hematologic condition	1.60	0.97–2.65	0.06
Neurologic condition	1.83	1.37–2.45	<0.001
Respiratory condition	2.85	1.84–4.40	<0.001
Other medical condition	2.78	1.84–4.21	<0.001