Table 2. Subcortical volumes (raw) for girls and boys with ADHD and typically developing (TD) controls.

All	TD n = 40		ADHD n = 47		p	d [CI]
	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Caudate	8066	1103	7680	672	0.008	0.52 [0.09,0.94]
Putamen	9058	935	8892	753	0.270	0.25 [−0.18, 0.67]
Glob Pal	3184	317	3081	232	0.031	0.44 [0.01, 0.87]
Thalamus	13,529	1030	13,028	972	0.001	0.62 [0.18, 1.04]
Girls	n = 15		n = 17
Caudate	7818	948	7297	614	0.034	0.81 [0.07, 1.51]
Putamen	8516	565	8495	582	0.937	0.03 [−0.66, 0.72]
Glob Pal	3048	212	2950	195	0.203	0.44 [−0.28, 1.13]
Thalamus	13,222	641	12,490	922	0.007	1.20 [0.42, 1.92]
Boys	n = 25		n = 30
Caudate	8214	1180	7896	613	0.104	0.43 [−0.11, 0.96]
Putamen	9384	969	9117	754	0.088	0.45 [−0.09, 0.98]
Glob Pal	3266	345	3155	220	0.057	0.53 [−0.01, 1.07]
Thalamus	13,714	1180	13,333	873	0.063	0.47 [−0.08, 1.00]

Notes. Glob Pal = globus pallidus. p = p-value for the post-hoc comparisons from the mixed factors ANOVA with the normalized volumes. d = Cohen's d effect size estimate for the normalized volumes; [CI] = 95% confidence interval for Cohen's d effect size.