Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population in cases and controls† (Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study).
| Normal BMIa,b (n = 627) | Obesec (n = 627) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SD | SD | |||
| Baseline Age (y) c | ||||
| Men | 34.01 | 11 | 34.25 | 11 |
| Women | 34.82 | 11 | 34.91 | 10 |
| Current smokers (%) | 16.7 | 13.9 | ||
| Low physical activity (%) | 40.2 | 41.3 | ||
| Education level ≥ 14 years (%) | 27.3 | 20.4* | ||
| Baseline BMI (Kg/m2) | 21.54 | 25.03* | ||
| Baseline WCd(cm) | 73.54 | 16 | 82.25* | 23 |
| Energy intake (KJ/day) | 9959 | 4094 | 10612* | 4416 |
| Carbohydrate (% of energy) | 58.07 | 6 | 58.08 | 6 |
| Total fiber intake (g/4186 KJ) | 18.06 | 6 | 18.57 | 6 |
| Protein intake (% of energy) | 14.46 | 3 | 14.44 | 2 |
| Total fat (% of energy) | 30.9 | 6 | 30.7 | 6 |
| Saturated fat (% of energy) | 10.25 | 3 | 10.07 | 2 |
| MUFA (% of energy)e | 10.51 | 2 | 10.41 | 2 |
| PUFA (% of energy)f | 6.35 | 2 | 6.32 | 2 |
aBMI: body mass index. bBMI from 18.5 up to 25 kg/m2,cBMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. dWC: waist circumference. eMUFA, Mono-unsaturated fatty acids. fPUFA, Poly-unsaturated fatty acids. *P < 0.05; †values are mean unless otherwise listed.