Table 3.
Demographics and baseline characteristics between patients with severe and non-severe respiratory complications
| Variable | All (n = 30) | Severe respiratory complications | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No (n = 17) | Yes (n = 13) | p value | ||
| Age in years (mean ± SE) | 36.3 (± 3.8) | 28.9 (± 4.5) | 45.9 (± 5.8) | 0.013 |
| Sex (m/f) | 12/18 | 6/11 | 6/7 | 0.711 |
| Comorbidities and concomitant conditions (n/%) | 17 (56.7) | 6 (35.3) | 11 (84.6) | 0.001 |
| Respiratory symptoms at hospital admission (n/%) | 23 (76.7) | 12 (70.6) | 11 (84.6) | 0.427 |
| Time of previous symptoms (days—mean ± SE) | 6 (± 0.6) | 6.7 (± 0.8) | 5.1 (± 0.9) | 0.899 |
| Fever on admission (n/%) | 12 (40) | 9 (52.9) | 3 (23.1) | 0.141 |
| First malaria episode (n/%)a | 7 (23.3) | 3 (17.6) | 4 (30.7) | 0.324 |
| Respiratory complications after anti-malarials (n/%) | 18 (60) | 9 (52.9) | 9 (69.2) | 0.465 |
| Anti-malarial treatment before hospitalization (n/%) | 15 (50) | 5 (29.4) | 10 (76.9) | 0.025 |
| Patients requiring haemodialysis (n/%) | 5 (16.7) | 1 (5.9) | 4 (30.7) | 0.138 |
| Death (n/%) | 5 (16.6) | 1 (5.9) | 4 (30.7) | 0.138 |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) (mean ± SE) | 9.6 (± 0.4) | 9.9 (± 0.5) | 9.1 (± 0.6) | 0.857 |
| Leucocytes (× 103/mm3) median (IQR) | 6.5 (4.4–10.8) | 5.3 (3.7–9.5) | 8 (6.5–12.8) | 0.042 |
| Platelet count (× 103/mm3) median (IQR) | 49.5 (31–91) | 36 (28–51) | 79 (66–101) | 0.016 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) median (IQR)b | 1 (0.8–1.5) | 0.9 (0.7–1.2) | 1 (0.9–2.3) | 0.280 |
| Urea (mg/dL) median (IQR)b | 31 (24–69) | 31 (23–42) | 41 (24–88) | 0.442 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) median (IQR)c | 1.6 (0.7–4.7) | 2.2 (0.5–3.6) | 0.9 (0.7–10) | 0.978 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) (mean ± SE)d | 911.7 (± 91.2) | 809.2 (± 86.4) | 1034.6 (± 169) | 0.113 |
| AST (U/L) median (IQR) | 50 (31–59) | 50 (29–57) | 50 (35–94) | 0.583 |
| ALT(U/L) median (IQR) | 31 (25–60) | 31 (35–66) | 32 (25–54) | 0.952 |
| GGT (U/L) median (IQR) | 107 (53–192) | 75 (52–128) | 141 (71–217) | 0.198 |
| Alkaline Phosphatase (U/L) (mean ± SE)e | 384 (± 53) | 329 (± 50) | 501 (± 125) | 0.071 |
Completeness of data: a 80%; b 96.6%; c 83%; d 73%; e 63.3%. Values expressed in mean (± standard error) unless stated otherwise. T-test or Wilkoxon–Mann–Whitney according to normality were used. Pearson Chi squared test was used to compare proportions. Significant if p < 0.05
GGT gama glutamil transferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, ALT alanine aminotransferase