Table 2.
Characteristics | Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Odds ratio (95% CI) |
p value | Odds ratio (95% CI) |
p value | |
Age (per year younger) | 1.06 (0.94–1.20) | 0.352 | 1.05 (0.88–1.26) | 0.587 |
Gender (male vs. female) | 0.57 (0.28–1.14) | 0.119 | 0.61 (0.24–1.49) | 0.283 |
White ethnicity (yes vs. no) | 2.74 (1.41–5.43) | 0.003 | 2.36 (1.02–5.61) | 0.047 |
Downtown Eastside residencea (yes vs. no) | 0.94 (0.46–1.99) | 0.863 | 0.43 (0.15–1.19) | 0.108 |
Ever homeless (yes vs. no) | 2.83 (1.09–7.38) | 0.031 | 1.99 (0.54–7.34) | 0.297 |
High school completion (yes vs. no) | 0.82 (0.43–1.57) | 0.551 | 0.94 (0.40–2.20) | 0.883 |
Employmenta (yes vs. no) | 0.79 (0.38–1.69) | 0.534 | 0.91 (0.36–2.37) | 0.842 |
Incarcerationa (yes vs. no) | 2.43 (0.87–8.67) | 0.120 | 1.84 (0.50–8.08) | 0.380 |
Daily heroin usea (yes vs. no) | 4.02 (1.70–11.17) | 0.003 | 2.37 (0.73–9.03) | 1.171 |
Daily cocaine or crack usea (yes vs. no) | 0.25 (0.06–0.90) | 0.036 | 0.09 (0.01–0.59) | 0.016 |
Daily methamphetamine usea (yes vs. no) | 1.35 (0.65–2.95) | 0.433 | 0.70 (0.26–1.90) | 0.477 |
Daily use of prescription opioidsa (yes vs. no) | 2.11 (0.53–14.07) | 0.346 | 1.38 (0.17–18.75) | 0.784 |
Public injectinga (yes vs. no) | 6.09 (2.69–15.72) | < 0.001 | 5.61 (1.90–19.12) | 0.003 |
Ever overdosed (yes vs. no) | 1.41 (0.73–2.77) | 0.314 | 0.76 (0.32–1.76) | 0.522 |
Unable to access addiction treatmenta (yes vs. no) | 3.29 (1.20–11.58) | 0.035 | 3.41 (1.02-14.10) | 0.062 |
Drug or alcohol treatmenta (yes vs. no) | 2.00 (1.03–3.91) | 0.041 | 1.71 (0.71–4.19) | 0.235 |
CI confidence interval
aIn the last 6 months