. 2017 Dec 19;8:701. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00701

Table 1.

OCT findings in the retina of AD, MCI, and PD patients.

Clinical diagnosis	Region	OCT type	% reduction range (min − max Δ values)^a	Reference
Findings	Region	OCT type	% reduction range (min − max Δ values)^a	Reference
Alzheimer’s disease
RNFL thinning	All quadrants	sd-OCT, fd-OCT, stratus-OCT	6.8–40.4% (6.61–40.40 µm)	(28, 37, 38, 41–43, 67, 70–73),^* (44, 74–77),^** (78–80)^nd
	Superior		7.7–51.9% (6.04–118.20 µm)	(28, 33, 38, 41, 42, 65, 67, 70, 72–74, 81),^* (77),^ (82),^* (75, 79)^nd
	Inferior		9.9–33.0% (5.40–38.30 µm)	(38, 41, 42, 67, 72, 73, 81),^* (74),^ (82),^* (75, 79)^nd
	Temporal	sd-OCT	10.0–55.7% (5.10–47.70 µm)	(38, 67, 81),^* (78),^** (75, 79)^nd
	Nasal	sd-OCT	8.0–46.0% (5.75–43.00 µm)	(67, 72, 81),^* (75, 79)^nd
Retinal thinning (inner and outer sectors)	Macula/fovea	sd-OCT, fd-OCT	5.7–13.4% (9.23–25.24 µm)	(38, 70, 71, 78, 79, 83),^* (74, 82)^**
Reduced volume	Macula/fovea	sd-OCT, fd-OCT	2.7–3.4% (0.20–0.34 mm³)	(38, 83)^*
GCL-IPL thinning	All quadrants	sd-OCT, fd-OCT	8.3–8.7% (4.21–8.60 µm)	(33, 71),^* (37, 74)^**
Amyloid deposits; inclusion bodies; autofluorescent spots	Superior/inferior Periphery	sd-OCT	Deposit/lesion detection	(26, 48, 84)
Mild cognitive impairment
RNFL thinning	All quadrants	sd-OCT, stratus-OCT	4.7–12.6% (4.75–12.90 µm)	(37, 41–43),^* (44)^**
	Superior	stratus-OCT	3.3–8.3% (3.96–10.13 µm)	(38, 42)^*
	Inferior	stratus-OCT	11.9% (15.10 µm)	(41)^**
	Temporal	sd-OCT	10.8% (8.04 µm)	(38)^*
Reduced volume	Macula/fovea	sd-OCT	3.3% (0.33 mm³)	(38)^*
GCL-IPL thinning	All quadrants	sd-OCT	nd (3.62–5.83 µm)	(33, 37)^*
Parkinson’s disease
RNFL thinning	All quadrants	sd-OCT, stratus-OCT	13.8% (15.78 µm)	(85),^* (76),^** (45)^ns
	Superior	sd-OCT, fd-OCT, stratus-OCT	2.3–9.6% (3.05–13.30 µm)	(19),^* (86)^**
	Inferior	fd-OCT	6.2–15.0% (8.40–26.00 µm)	(19, 87),^* (88)^**
	Temporal	sd-OCT	7.1–19.8% (4.98–25.00 µm)	(88),^* (86)^**
	Inferotemporal	sd-OCT	5.1–5.5% (7.02–7.88 µm)	(86)^**
	Nasal	stratus-OCT	23.6% (23.51 µm)	(19)^*
Retinal thinning	Macula/fovea	sd-OCT, fd-OCT	2.8–4.0% (7.50–10.80 µm)	(19, 85, 89),^* (86)^**
Reduced volume	Macula/fovea	stratus-OCT	3.7% (0.27 mm³)	(85)^*
Inner retinal layer	All quadrants	sd-OCT, fd-OCT	13.9% (14.44 µm)	(90, 91)^*

^aReduction in percent and tissue volume/thickness of mean values between patients and healthy controls (range values).

*p < 0.05.

**p < 0.001.

***p < 0.0001.

nd, statistical data not shown; ns, a trend, not statistically significant; NA, not applicable; sd-OCT, spectral domain-OCT; fd-OCT, frequency domain-OCT.