Table 5.
Absolute concentrations of cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cell culture supernatant, from elderly subjects in the Mediterranean-dietary intervention group, at pre- and post-intervention.
| Adipokine | Study time point | Media alone | Stimulated | P values | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adipsin | Pre-int | Mean (SEM) | 3.83 (2.12) | 4.74 (3.89) | 0.743 (ns) |
| Range | 0–23.14 | 0–57.72 | |||
| Post-int | Mean (SEM) | 103.40 (48.23) | 92.73 (48.59) | 0.132 (ns) | |
| Range | 0–661.30 | 0–651.00 | |||
| MCP-1 | Pre-int | Mean (SEM) | 16.19 (5.12) | 33.22 (13.63) | 0.093 (ns) |
| Range | 0–57.54 | 0–199.90 | |||
| Post-int | Mean (SEM) | 199.80 (183.30) | 179.20 (166.00) | 0.264 (ns) | |
| Range | 0–2,398 | 0–2,170 | |||
| IL-1β | Pre-int | Mean (SEM) | 0.59 (0.54) | 16.37 (5.25) | 0.009 |
| Range | 0–8.17 | 0–52.37 | |||
| Post-int | Mean (SEM) | 41.26 (30.94) | 16.57 (11.54) | 0.447 (ns) | |
| Range | 0–401.60 | 0–152.20 | |||
| IP-10 | Pre-int | Mean (SEM) | 0.73 (0.33) | 1.30 (0.61) | 0.225 (ns) |
| Range | 0–4.28 | 0–7.67 | |||
| Post-int | Mean (SEM) | 30.97 (28.74) | 9.89 (7.62) | 0.338 (ns) | |
| Range | 0–375.70 | 0–101.00 | |||
| CXCL8 | Pre-int | Mean (SEM) | 175.80 (104.20) | 523.40 (191.30) | 0.018 |
| Range | 0–1,610 | 7.07–2,422 | |||
| Post-int | Mean (SEM) | 810.60 (395.90) | 961.10 (480.10) | 0.226 (ns) | |
| Range | 0–4,738 | 17.27–6,130 | |||
| IL-6 | Pre-int | Mean (SEM) | 3.69 (3.56) | 23.89 (12.82) | 0.056 (ns) |
| Range | 0–53.43 | 0–187.40 | |||
| Post-int | Mean (SEM) | 218.60 (208.80) | 15.71 (6.24) | 0.342 (ns) | |
| Range | 0–2,723 | 0–64.81 | |||
| Resistin | Pre-int | Mean (SEM) | 89.80 (53.89) | 101.70 (60.39) | 0.204 (ns) |
| Range | 0–747.20 | 0–790.70 | |||
| Post-int | Mean (SEM) | 304.60 (110.40) | 251.10 (101.80) | 0.049 | |
| Range | 14.03–1,320 | 12.98–1,262 | |||
| TNF-α | Pre-int | Mean (SEM) | 1.28 (1.02) | 71.44 (26.68) | 0.021 |
| Range | 0–15.42 | 0–350.90 | |||
| Post-int | Mean (SEM) | 394.20 (393.10) | 18.35 (6.57) | 0.360 (ns) | |
| Range | 0–5,111 | 0–64.89 | |||
CXCL8, C-X-C chemokine ligand 8; IL, interleukin; IP-10, interferon gamma inducible protein 10 LPS, lipopolysaccharide; ns, not statistically significant; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; R848, resiquimod; SEM, standard error of the mean; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor alpha.