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. 2017 Dec 19;8:1778. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01778

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Increased lipid deposition in samples from donors with early age-related macular degeneration (AMD) perturbs diffusion through macular enriched Bruch’s membrane (BrM) of FHL-1, but not factor D (FD). (A) Cropped images of Instant Blue stained polyacrylamide gels showing that FHL-1 is not able to diffuse as freely through enriched BrM from donors with early AMD (as defined by presence of drusen) compared to non-AMD donors, whereas the diffusion of FD is unhindered. Frozen sections of AMD and non-AMD enriched BrM stained with Oil Red O showing lipid deposition and drusen in the AMD affected enriched BrM. Frozen sections of rat aorta were used as a positive control for Red Oil O staining. Scale bars 20 µm. (B) Percentage of protein present in both Ussing chamber compartments showed that, while FD reaches equilibrium across AMD macular BrM, only an average of 25% FHL-1 crossed BrM (over five separate experiments, error bars represent ± SD).