Table 2.
Effect of calcium and growth regulators on quality attributes of several sweet cherry cultivars.
| Source/Compound | Cultivar | Effects | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ca(OH)2 | 0900 Ziraat Lambert Van |
Higher firmness, SSC and calcium content both in skin and flesh; Reduced fruit cracking; Decreased fruit size. | Demirsoy and Bilgener, 1998a |
| CaCl2 | Merton Glory Sue Vega |
Higher SSC and phenolics content; Reduced decay and cuticular fractures; Non-significant effects on TA, color and firmness; Increased weight loss during storage. | Vangdal et al., 2008 |
| Ethephon | Bing | Higher firmness (dehydration-related); Reduced fruit removal force and firmness. | Elfving et al., 2009 |
| Gibberellic acid (GA3) | Buttner's Red Lambert Van |
Suppress or delay the development of the pitting symptom on bruised fruit. | Looney and Lidster, 1980; Basak et al., 1998 |
| 0900 Ziraat Bing Lambert |
Delayed harvest time. | Facteau et al., 1985; Andrews and Shulin, 1995; Demirsoy and Bilgener, 2000 | |
| Bing Satohnishiki |
Decreased the activity of PG and PME. | Andrews and Shulin, 1995; Kondo and Danjo, 2001 | |
| Buttner's Red | Increased fruit firmness, SSC and fruit weight. | Basak et al., 1998 | |
| 0900 Ziraat Lambert Van |
No significant effect on fruit firmness, SSC and fruit weight. | Demirsoy and Bilgener, 1998b | |
| 13S-27-17 Celeste Lapins Merpet |
Increased fruit firmness and TA; Decreased the activity of PG and cellulase activity; Delayed softening and fruit maturation; No significant effect on SSC and β-glucosidase activity. | Choi et al., 2002 | |
| Bing | Higher firmness during storage. | Clayton et al., 2003 | |
| Sweetheart | Firmer, heavier and larger fruits, better preservation of stem; No effect on color and SSC content. | Horvitz et al., 2003 | |
| Elisa Sunburst Van |
Higher yield; Increased fruit weight and SSC; Delayed process of maturity; Reduced fruit cracking. | Usenik et al., 2005 | |
| 0900 Ziraat | Firmer and larger fruits; Higher SSC. | Canli and Orhan, 2009 | |
| Bing | Increased fruit firmness and weight; Delayed fruit maturation; Decreased fruit color. | Zhang and Whiting, 2011 | |
| 0900 Ziraat Regina Sweetheart |
Increased fruit size; Retarded fruit ripening; Preserved flesh firmness; Decreased SSC, total phenolics, anthocyanins accumulation and antioxidant activity. | Ozkan et al., 2016 | |
| 22S, 23S-Homobrassinolide (HBR) | Regina Summit |
Increased fruit size and brightness of the red color. | Engin et al., 2016 |
| Increased fruit size and firmness of the flesh slightly; Better stem resistance. | |||
| GA3 + HBR | Increased fruit size; Higher longer fruit; Decreased SSC. | ||
| Benzyladenine (BA) + Gibberellin (4+7) | Noir de Guben | Increased fruit size; Delayed skin color development; No significant effect on fruit firmness. | Canli et al., 2015a |
| Cytokinins | Increased fruit firmness, SSC and fruit weight; Decreased fruit color. | Zhang and Whiting, 2011 | |
| Auxins | Bing | Increased fruit size and total yield. | Stern et al., 2007 |
| Higher fruit growth rates and fruit color development (Stages I and II); No significant effect on fruit size. | Zhang and Whiting, 2011 | ||
| Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) | n.d. | Reduced incidence of postharvest rot; Decreased β-1,3-glucanase, PAL and POD activities. | Yao and Tian, 2005 |
| Salicylic acid (SA) | Sweetheart Sweet Late |
Increased fruit firmness and weight; Higher concentration in total phenolics and anthocyanins; No effect on SSC and TA. | Giménez et al., 2014 |
| Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) | Increased fruit firmness and weight; Higher concentration of total phenolics and anthocyanins; No effect on SSC and TA. | ||
| Oxalic acid (OA) | Increased fruit size at harvest, color and firmness; Higher concentration of total phenolics and anthocyanins; No significant effect on SSC and TA. | Martínez-Esplá et al., 2014 | |
| Methyl salicylate (MeSA) | Lapins Sweetheart Sweet Late |
Increased fruit size, firmness and SSC; Higher activities of total antioxidant activity and antioxidant enzymes; Higher total phenolics and anthocyanins content; Delayed the postharvest ripening process. | Giménez et al., 2015; Valverde et al., 2015 |
SSC, soluble solids content; TA, titratable acidity; PAL, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; POD, peroxidase; PG, polygalacturonase; PME, pectinmethylesterase; n.d., not defined.