Table 2.
Type of relationship | Type of data | Quantitative statistical analysis |
---|---|---|
Descriptive statistics | Measures of central tendency: Mean Median Mode |
|
Measures of dispersion: Variance Standard deviation Coefficient of variation |
||
Normal statistical analysis | Quantitative data |
T-test (one population) T-test for comparing means between two groups with independent data T-test for comparing means between two groups with paired data F-test for equality of variances Univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA): One-way ANOVA Two-way ANOVA (with interaction) |
Association | Relationship between two categorical variables | Yule's coefficient (Yule's Q) Contingency coefficient C Chi-square (χ2) |
Relationship between several categorical variables | Contingency analysis Log-linear analysis Logit analysis Logit analysis-causal Logit analysis-Markov Probit analysis Logistic regression Correspondence analysis |
|
Relationship between ordinal variables | Contingency tables Log-linear analysis Logit analysis Correspondence analysis Ballot analysis |
|
Ratios | Comparison of proportions | |
Quantitative data | Pearson's correlation coefficient Simple linear regression Multiple linear regression Partial correlation |
|
Covariance | Relationship between a naturally dichotomous variable and a continuous quantitative variable | Point-biserial correlation coefficient (rbp) |
Relationship between an artificially dichotomized variable and a continuous quantitative variable | Point-biserial correlation coefficient (rb) | |
Relationship between dichotomized variables | Tetrachoric correlation (rt) | |
Relationship between dichotomous variables | Correlation φ | |
Relationship between ordinal variables | Spearman correlation coefficient (rS) | |
Kendall rank correlation coefficient | ||
Kendall's W (coefficient of concordance) | ||
Quantitative data | Product-moment Pearson correlation Simple linear regression model Multiple linear regression model Partial correlation |
|
Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) | Quantitative data | One-way MANOVA Two-way MANOVA (with interaction) |
Statistical distances and dimension reduction | Quantitative data | Principal component analysis Calculation of number of principal components Geometric interpretation |
Qualitative data | Principal coordinate analysis (multidimensional scaling) Algorithm for calculating principal coordinates | |
Discriminant analysis | Quantitative data | Main classification algorithms: Discriminant analysis. Fisher linear discriminant analysis and quadratic discriminant analysis: Minimum or maximum method; Unweighted Pair-Groups Method Average (UPGMA) method. Cophenetic correlation. |
Canonical correlation analysis | Quantitative data | Population canonical correlation analysis Euclidean distance and Mahalanobis distance |
Sequentiality | Ordered categorical data analysis | Lag sequential analysis |
Polar coordinate analysis | ||
T-pattern detection (temporal patterns) | ||
Quantitative data | Time series analysis Spectral analysis |