Figure 4.

Upper lamina propria (ULP). Hybrid TC, NDO patients. (A) semithin section, toluidine blue stained. The TC processes clearly make a network by contacting with each other. Numerous cells, especially those located in the deepest ULP portion and identifiable as hybrid TC, have a large and oval body, a round/oval euchromatic nucleus with a prominent nucleolus, a clear cytoplasm, and thin and long processes. (B, C) transmission electron microscopy. The presumptive hybrid TC have an abundant cytoplasm containing sparse, thin filaments, several attachment plaques (asterisks) and many caveolae along the plasma membrane. Arrows indicate the cell‐to‐cell contacts with the processes of other TCs. U: urothelium; hTC: hybrid telocyte. Calibration bar: A = 25 μm; B = 0.5 μm; C = 0.3 μm.