Table 1.
Characteristics and quality assessment of the included studies
| Study | Year | Type | Sample size | Mean age (APT group), years | Mean age (non-APT group), years | Prior APT (%) | Time of assessment | Time of symptom onset upon admission | Adjusted factors | NOS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Camps-Renom et al.[13] | 2017 | Prospective | 223 | 77.3 | 70.1 | 33.2 | 3 months | 24 h | Age; NIHSS, Systolic blood pressure and HV at admission | 9 |
| Roquer et al.[8] | 2017 | Prospective | 440 | 80.0* | 74.0* | 33.4 | 24 h 3 months | NA | Age; previous mRS score | 8 |
| Stein et al.[6] | 2016 | Retrospective | 6555 | 77.2 | 70.1 | 30.9 | In hospital | NA | Age; initial GCS; the presence of IVH; pre-ICH disability | 9 |
| Yang et al.[21] | 2014 | Retrospective | 333 | 65.4 | 57.5 | 20.4 | In hospital | 48 h | NA | 7 |
| Mansouri et al.[9] | 2013 | Prospective | 120 | – | – | 38.3 | 30 days 90 days | 48 h | Age; sex; BMI | 7 |
| Chen et al.[22] | 2013 | Retrospective | 1927 | 68.4 | 61.5 | 12.0 | 1 month 3 months | NA | Age; initial GCS; HV; IVH; infratentorial ICH; hypertension; advanced CKD | 7 |
| Balci et al.[23] | 2012 | Prospective | 337 | 70.1 | 67.2 | 14.2 | In hospital | 12 h | NA | 7 |
| Romero López et al.[24] | 2012 | Retrospective | 146 | 79.0 | 72.0 | 21.9 | In hospital | 12 h | NA | 7 |
| Kuramatsu et al.[25] | 2012 | Retrospective | 210 | 72.2 | 67.9 | 39.5 | In hospital 3 months | NA | Age; ICH score; HCE | 7 |
| Moussouttas et al.[26] | 2010 | Retrospective | 70 | 72.0 | 64.0 | 24.3 | In hospital | 6 h | NA | 6 |
| Stead et al.[27] | 2010 | Retrospective | 178 | 76.0* | 66.0* | 44.9 | 7 days 30 days | NA | NA | 7 |
| Sansing et al.[28] | 2009 | Prospective | 282 | 71* | 63* | 24.8 | 90 days | 6 h | Age; initial ICH volume; initial GCS; presence of IVH; infratentorial ICH | 7 |
| Toyoda et al.[10] | 2009 | Retrospective | 918 | 71.0 | 65.0 | 19.6 | 3 weeks | 24 h | Age; sex; confounders that showed P≤0.1 on univariate analysis | 9 |
| Creutzfeldt et al.[11] | 2009 | Retrospective | 315 | 70.0 | 62.0 | 21.6 | In hospital | NA | Age; initial GCS; initial heart rate; and so on | 6 |
| Hanger et al.[14] | 2008 | Retrospective | 223 | 75.7 | 69.9 | 40.8 | 7 days 14 days 28 days | NA | Diabetes; Intraventricular spread; HV; hemorrhage location | 7 |
| Karlikaya et al.[29] | 2006 | Retrospective | 664 | 67.1 | 65.8 | 6.0 | 3 weeks | NA | NA | 7 |
| Saloheimo et al.[30] | 2006 | Retrospective | 182 | 71.6 | 65.6 | 24.2 | 4 days 3 months | NA | Age; sex; ICH score on admission; diabetes | 7 |
| Foerch et al.[15] | 2006 | Prospective | 1483 | 75.0 | 70.0 | 29.7 | In hospital | NA | Age; prehospital mRS | 8 |
| Roquer et al.[12] | 2005 | Prospective | 194 | – | – | 24.2 | 30 days | NA | Age; glucose; HV; ventricular extension; GSS | 7 |
| Rosand et al.[16] | 2004 | Prospective | 311 | – | – | 37.3 | 3 months | NA | Age; sex; coronary artery disease; diabetes mellitus; lobar ICH; warfarin use | 6 |
| Nilsson et al.[31] | 2002 | Prospective | 338 | – | – | 21.9 | 30 days | NA | NA | 7 |
| Wong[17] | 1999 | Prospective | 783 | – | – | 4.3 | In hospital | NA | Age; sex; hypertension; diabetes; smoking habit; atrial fibrillation; ischemic heart disease; previous cerebrovascular disease; valvular heart disease | 7 |
*These studies reported median age. NA: Not available; NIHSS: National Institute of Health Stroke Scale; HV: Hemorrhage volume; mRS: Modified Rankin Scale; GCS: Glasgow Coma Scale; GSS: Glasgow Scale Score; IVH: Intraventricular hemorrhage; BMI: Body mass index; CKD: Chronic kidney disease; HCE: Hypercholesterolemia; APT: Antiplatelet therapy; NOS: Newcastle–Ottawa quality assessment scale; ICH: Intracerebral hemorrhage.