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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Dec 26.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Chin Med. 2012;40(6):1271–1288. doi: 10.1142/S0192415X12500942

Figure 7.

Figure 7

Kava generated carbon-centered free radicals. (A) 0.36 g/ml kava extract without photoexcitation; (B) control did not contain any sample; (C) 0.36 g/ml kava; (D) Fenton reaction performed in PBS buffer (20 mM, pH 7.4) containing 0.25 mM Fe2+, 0.25 mM H2 O2, and 20% (v/v) ethanol without photoexcitation; (E) simulation of (C) using the following parameters: BMPO/C• (aN = 15.2 G, aH = 20.4 G). Samples were photoexcitated at 340 nm, and ESR signal recorded after 2 min exposure. ESR instrument settings were as follows: 20 mW microwave power, 100 G sweep width, 1 G field modulation amplitude, and 100 kHz modulation frequency.