Caloxin blocks RNLS's protective effects against CER-induced zymogen activation and amylase secretion. Pancreatic lobules were treated with or without caloxin 1b1 (100 μm) for 30 min before the addition of RNLS (25 μg/ml). After 30 min of RNLS treatment, pancreatitis was induced in some lobules by the addition of CER (100 nm) for 30 min. Assays for zymogen activation (A, trypsin; B, chymotrypsin) and amylase secretion (C) were performed. *, p < 0.05 versus CER alone; #, p < 0.05 versus CER + renalase. For trypsin activation, chymotrypsin activation, and amylase secretion, n = 4 or more. Values represent the mean, and error bars represent the S.E.