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. 2017 Dec 21;11:59–65. doi: 10.2147/OTT.S147715

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Subgroup analysis by types of cancer population and treatment pooling studies used multivariate analysis.

Notes: Surgical resection: studies involved only cases with resectable lesions that received surgery; palliative therapy: studies involved unresectable cases that received chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy only; mixed: studies involved both resectable cases and unresectable cases. The results are presented as individual and combined HRs for OS and the 95% CI.

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HRs, hazard ratios; OS, overall survival; SE, standard error; IV, inverse variance.