Table 1. Sample characteristics of healthy postmenopausal women participants.
| Characteristic | BVAIT (n = 145) | WISH (n = 271) | ELITE (n = 510) | Combined (n = 926) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oophorectomy status | ||||
| Bilateral | 30 (20.1) | 29 (10.7) | 64 (12.6) | 123 (13.3) |
| Intact | 115 (79.9) | 242 (89.3) | 446 (87.5) | 803 (86.7) |
| Education | ||||
| 8th grade or less | 0 (0) | 1 (0.4) | 1 (0.2) | 2 (0.2) |
| Some high school | 1 (0.7) | 2 (0.7) | 1 (0.2) | 4 (0.4) |
| High school graduate | 11 (7.6) | 10 (3.7) | 17 (3.3) | 38 (4.1) |
| Trade/business school | 7 (4.8) | 14 (5.2) | 13 (2.6) | 34 (3.7) |
| Some college | 53 (36.6) | 79 (29.2) | 137 (26.9) | 269 (29.1) |
| Bachelor's degree | 40 (27.6) | 69 (25.5) | 145 (28.4) | 254 (27.4) |
| Graduate/professional | 33 (22.8) | 96 (35.4) | 196 (38.4) | 325 (35.1) |
| Race/ethnicitya | ||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 96 (66.2) | 173 (63.8) | 362 (71.0) | 631 (68.1) |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 26 (17.9) | 14 (5.2) | 40 (7.8) | 80 (8.6) |
| Hispanic | 15 (10.3) | 41 (15.1) | 67 (13.1) | 123 (13.3) |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 7 (4.8) | 32 (11.8) | 40 (7.8) | 79 (8.5) |
| Native American | 1 (0.7) | 1 (0.1) | ||
| Other | 11 (4.1) | 1 (0.2) | 12 (1.3) | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | ||||
| Underweight (<18.5) | 2 (1.4) | 5 (1.9) | 8 (1.6) | 15 (1.6) |
| Ideal (≥ 18.5, <25) | 39 (26.9) | 122 (45.0) | 191 (37.5) | 352 (38.0) |
| Overweight (≥ 25, <30) | 51 (35.2) | 85 (31.4) | 181 (35.5) | 317 (34.2) |
| Obese (≥ 30) | 53 (36.6) | 59 (21.8) | 130 (25.5) | 242 (26.1) |
| Hysterectomy status | ||||
| Hysterectomy | 51 (35.2) | 52 (19.2) | 86 (16.9) | 189 (20.4) |
| Intact uterus | 94 (65.3) | 219 (80.8) | 424 (83.1) | 737 (79.6) |
| Hormone use | ||||
| Current hormone use at baseline | 62 (42.8) | 1 (0.4)b | 3 (0.6)b | 66 (7.1) |
| History of hormone use but no current use | 42 (29.0) | 193 (71.2) | 359 (70.4) | 594 (64.1) |
| No history of ever using hormones | 35 (24.1) | 66 (24.4) | 148 (29.0) | 249 (26.9) |
| Unknown | 6 (4.1) | 11 (4.1) | 17 (1.8) | |
| Treatment | ||||
| Active | 72 (49.7) | 138 (50.9) | 256 (50.2) | 466 (50.3) |
| Placebo | 73 (50.3) | 133 (49.1) | 254 (49.8) | 460 (49.7) |
| Age (y) at testing, mean (±SD) | ||||
| Baseline | 62.7 (±7.6) | 60.8 (±7.0) | 60.1 (±7.1) | 60.7 (±7.2) |
| Follow-up | 65.4 (±7.6) | 63.5 (±7.0) | 62.8 (±7.0) | 63.4 (±7.2) |
| Depressive symptoms (CES-D score), mean (±SD)c | 7.7 (±7.9) | 7.0 (±6.6) | 8.3 (±9.0) | 7.8 (±8.2) |
| Years on hormones, for those on therapy, mean (±SD)d | 8.4 (±7.6) | 6.5 (±6.6) | 7.4 (±7.0) | 7.3 (±7.0) |
| Age (y) at menopause, mean (±SD)e | 44.7 (±9.9) | 49.1 (±5.7) | 49.3 (±5.5) | 49.1 (±5.8) |
Note: Data presented as frequency (%) or mean (±SD). BMI = body mass index; BVAIT = B-Vitamin Atherosclerosis Intervention Trial; CES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression; ELITE = Early versus Late Intervention Trial with Estradiol; WISH = Women's Isoflavone Soy Health Trial; SD = standard deviation.
In the analyses, race/ethnicity was a dichotomous variable White, non-Hispanic versus all other.
Current hormone use was an exclusion criterion for the WISH and ELITE trials. Participants taking hormones at screening did not take hormones during the 1-month washout period before randomization.
Sample sizes: BVAIT = 144; WISH = 271; ELITE = 510; total = 925.
Sample sizes: BVAIT = 105; WISH = 196; ELITE = 362; total = 663.
Sample sizes: BVAIT = 26; WISH = 271; ELITE = 510; total = 807.