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. 2017 Dec 21;23(47):8321–8333. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i47.8321

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©The Author(s) 2017. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.

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Effect of oral gavage of fructo-oligosaccharide on visceral sensitivity. A: Fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) increased abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores in response to colorectal distension compared to saline administration following water avoidance stress (WAS). Values represent median, 25^th, 75^th, 5^th, and 95^th percentiles. Sham + saline (n = 7), sham + FOS (n = 7), WAS + saline (n = 6), WAS + FOS (n = 7). Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA; B: Pain threshold decreased in FOS-administered compared to saline-administered mice following WAS. Values represent mean ± SD, one-way ANOVA; C: Volume threshold decreased in FOS compared to saline-administered mice following WAS. Values represent mean ± SD, one-way ANOVA. ^aP < 0.05, sham + saline vs WAS + saline; ^cP < 0.05, WAS + saline vs WAS + FOS.