Table 1.
TPGS based prodrugs in drug delivery
| Prodrug | Payload | Tumor model | Effects | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TPGS-DOX | DOX | Resistant breast cancer, melanoma, hepatoma | 95-fold lower IC50 in MCF-7/ADR vs. free drug, MCF-7/ADR, B16F10, H22 tumor growth/metastasis inhibition | 23 |
| TPGS-DOX | DOX | Breast, glioma cancer | High cellular uptake and cytotoxicity | 55, 56 |
| TPGS-DOX | DOX, Ce6 | Non-small cell lung cancer | Good tumor targeting, high apoptosis, tumor growth suppression in A549 cells | 57 |
| TPGS-PTX | PTX | Resistant ovarian cancer, hepatoma | PTX accumulation in A2780/T, cytotoxicity against A2780 and A2780/T, S180 tumor inhibition | 58 |
| TPGS-cisplatin | Cisplatin | Hepatoma | High cell uptake and cytotoxicity, significant neuroprotective effects | 60 |
| TPGS-cisplatin | Cisplatin, DTX, Herceptin | Breast cancer | Enhanced cytotoxicity against SK-BR-3 cells with overexpression of HER2 | 62 |
| TPGS-5-FU | 5-FU, PTX | Resistant breast cancer, lung cancer | Cytotoxicity, P-gp inhibition in H460/TaxR cells | 64 |
| TPGS-5-FU | 5-FU, PTX | Resistant epidermal carcinoma | P-gp, β-tubulin, and p53 protein extracted from KB-8-5 cells, tumor growth inhibition in KB-3-1 and KB-8-5 tumor model | 63 |
| TPGS- mitoxantrone | Mitoxantrone | Resistant breast cancer | Cell cytotoxicity against MCF7 and MCF7/ADR cells | 65 |
| TPGS- gemcitabine |
Gemcitabine | Pancreatic cancer | Improved cytotoxicity against pancreatic cancer BxPC-3 | 66 |
| TPGS- cantharidin | Cantharidin | Colorectal breast cancer | Increased cytotoxicity on folate overexpressed HT-29 cells but not on lower expressed MCF-7 cells | 67 |