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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ultrasound Med Biol. 2017 Dec 1;44(2):321–331. doi: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2017.10.010

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Schema of surface wave generation and detection on the skin. The skin surface is on the plane of x and y coordinates. The surface wave on the skin is generated by a handheld electromechanical shaker through a ball-tip applicator on the skin. The vibration excitation is typically 0.1 second harmonic signal at a frequency between 100 Hz and 200 Hz. The resulting surface wave propagation on the skin is measured using an ultrasound probe. A standoff gel pad is used between the ultrasound probe and skin to improve imaging of the skin. The surface wave speed depends on the local elastic properties of the skin and independent of the location of wave generation.