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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Alcohol. 2017 Sep 30;66:27–33. doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2017.07.010

Figure 3. Effect of chronic gestational binge alcohol exposure on fetal hippocampal amino acid concentrations (nmol/mg).

Figure 3

Left: Most abundant fetal brain amino acids: Glutamate, glutamine, taurine, alanine, and serine levels significantly increased (↑) in hippocampal tissue in the alcohol group compared with those in the pair-fed control group. Right: Less abundant fetal brain amino acids: Asparagine, aspartate, histidine, glycine, threonine, citrulline, arginine, β-alanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, methionine, valine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, leucine, ornithine, and lysine levels significantly increased (↑) in hippocampal tissue in the alcohol group compared with those in the pair-fed control group. * indicates statistically significant difference in amino acid concentration, P < 0.05.