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. 2017 Jun 21;125(6):067010. doi: 10.1289/EHP89

Table 1.

Selected characteristics of cases and controls in the New England Bladder Cancer Study with total THM assignments for 70% of lifetime residential history, 2001–2004.

Condition Cases (n=1,061) Controls (n=1,290)
Age, y    
<55 175 (16.5) 228 (17.7)
 55–64 271 (25.5) 299 (23.2)
 65–74 390 (36.8) 498 (38.6)
75 225 (21.2) 265 (20.5)
Sex    
 Male 805 (75.9) 945 (73.3)
 Female 256 (24.1) 345 (26.7)
State    
 Maine 521 (49.1) 667 (51.7)
 New Hampshire 353 (33.3) 395 (30.6)
 Vermont 187 (17.7) 228 (17.7)
Race    
 White 996 (93.9) 1,218 (94.4)
 Mixed race 54 (5.1) 56 (4.4)
 Other 11 (1.0) 16 (1.2)
Hispanic ethnicity    
 No 22 (2.1) 22 (1.0)
 Yes 1,039 (97.9) 1,266 (98.1)
 Don’t know 0 2 (0.9)
Smoking statusa    
 Nonsmoker 19 (1.8) 36 (2.8)
 Occasional smoker 157 (14.8) 438 (34.0)
 Former smoker 543 (51.2) 626 (48.6)
 Current Smoker 341 (32.2) 189 (14.7)
Employment in a high-risk occupationb
 Never worked in paying job 11 9
 Never worked in high-risk occupation 465 (44.3) 871 (68.0)
 Ever worked in high-risk occupation 585 (55.7) 410 (32.0)

Note: Controls were frequency-matched on age, sex, and state of residence. THM, trihalomethane.

a

Occasional smokers were defined as subjects who had smoked >100 cigarettes overall but never smoked cigarettes regularly. Former smokers were regular smokers who had quit smoking 1 y before diagnosis (cases) or selection date (controls). Current smokers were regular smokers who were still smoking or who had quit within 1 y of diagnosis or selection.

b

High-risk occupations included metal workers, textile machine operators, mechanics/repairers, automobile mechanics, plumbers, computer systems analysts, landscape industry workers, health services, cleaning and building services, electronic components manufacturing, and transportation equipment manufacturing.