Powers of the tests when a genetic variant affects only one of the three phenotypes. Case j (j = 1, ⋯, 3) refers to the case where a genetic variant has effect only on the jth phenotype, i.e., the mean vector μ has a non-zero value in the jth position and 0 otherwise. The upper panel assumes an exchangeable correlation matrix with the non-zero mean value equal to 2.5, and the lower panel assumes the unstructured correlation matrix in (10) with the non-zero mean value equal to 2.5. This figure appears in color in the electronic version of this article.