Table 1.
Bacteria capable of metabolizing or cometabolizing dioxane
| Bacterial strain | Dioxane metabolisma | Cosubstrate | Inoculum source | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rhodococcus ruber 219 | + | − | WWTP effluent | (Bernhardt and Diekmann, 1991) |
| Pseudonocardia dioxanivorans CB1190 | + | − | Industrial sludge from a dioxane contaminated site | (Parales et al., 1994) |
| Pseudonocardia benzenivorans B5 | + | − | Soil contaminated by various chlorinated, aromatic compounds | (Kämpfer and Kroppenstedt, 2004) |
| Mycobacterium sp. PH‐06 | + | − | River sediment contaminated by dioxane | (Kim et al., 2009) |
| Afipia sp. D1 | + | − | Soil samples near a dioxane producing factory | (Sei et al., 2013b) |
| Mycobacterium sp. D6 | + | − | Same as above | (Sei et al., 2013b) |
| Mycobacterium sp. D11 | + | − | Same as above | (Sei et al., 2013b) |
| Pseudonocardia sp. D17 | + | − | Same as above | (Sei et al., 2013b) |
| Acinetobacter baumannii DD1 | + | − | WWTP sludge | (Huang et al., 2014) |
| Rhodanbacter AYS5 | + | − | Industrial sludge | (Pugazhendi et al., 2015) |
| Xanthobacter flavus DT8 | + | − | Activated sludge of pharmaceutical plants | (Chen et al., 2016) |
| Pseudonocardia tetrahydrofuranoxydans sp. K1 | − | Tetrahydrofuran | WWTP sludge | (Kohlweyer et al., 2000) |
| Pseudonocardia sp. ENV478 | − | Tetrahydrofuran | Industrial wastewater treatment system | (Vainberg et al., 2006) |
| Rhodococcus ruber T1 | − | Tetrahydrofuran | Landfill soil | (Sei et al., 2013a) |
| Rhodococcus ruber T5 | − | Tetrahydrofuran | WWTP Sludge | (Sei et al., 2013a) |
| Flavobacterium sp. | − | Tetrahydrofuran | A contaminated groundwater plume | (Sun et al., 2011) |
| Mycobacterium sp. JOB5 | − | Propane | Soil samples with hydrocarbons | (Ooyama and Foster, 1965) |
| Mycobacterium sp. ENV421 | − | Propane | Turf soil enriched with propane | (Masuda, 2009) |
| Rhodococcus ruber ENV 425 | − | Propane | Turf soil samples enriched with propane | (Steffan et al., 1997) |
| Pseudomonas mendocina KR1 | − | Toluene | Algal‐bacterial mat from Colorado River in Austin | (Whited and Gibson, 1991) |
| Rhodococcus RR1 | − | Toluene | Gasoline contaminated aquifer | (Stringfellow and Alvarez‐Cohen, 1999) |
| Ralstonia pickettii PKO1 | − | Toluene | Soil microcosms amended with BTEX | (Kukor and Olsen, 1990) |
| Burkholderia cepacia G4 | − | Toluene | Water and soil samples | (Nelson et al., 1986) |
| Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b | − | Methane | Mud, river and stream water, soil samples | (Whittenbury et al., 1970) |
WWTP, wastewater treatment plant; BTEX, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes.
a. ’+’ and ‘−’ indicate this condition is applicable and not applicable respectively.