Figure 1.
The eicosanoid-biosynthetic pathway (AA metabolism). The AA released by PLA2 from cellular membrane is metabolized to various eicosanoids through the COX and LOX pathways. Structures and representative bioactivities of individual eicosanoids and their biosynthetic enzymes are shown. H- and L-PGDS, hematopoietic and lipocalin-type PGD2 synthases, respectively; PGFS, PGF2α synthase, PGIS, PGI2 synthase; mPGES-1, microsomal PGE2 synthase-1; TXS, TX synthase; 12-HHT, 12-hydroxyheptadecatrenoic acid; 12-HETE, 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid; FLAP, 5-LOX-activating protein; LTA4H, LTA4 hydrolase; LTC4S, LTC4 synthase.