Table 1.
Snake toxins that inhibit the adhesion and migration of cancer cells by interaction with ECM components.
| Toxin Name | Snake Species | Adhesive Motif | Integrin Target | ECM Ligand | Effect | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| r-Cam-dis recombinant disintegrin | Crotalus adamanteus | RGD | αvβ3 | laminin-1 | Inhibition of adhesion in pancreatic cancer cells | [41] |
| r-Colombistatins recombinant disintegrin-like domains from Class-III SVMP | Bothrops colombiensis | ECD | n.d. | collagen I | Inhibition of adhesion in SK-Mel-28 melanoma cells | [42] |
| DisBa-01, recombinant disintegrin | Bothrops alternatus | RGD | αvβ3 | fibronectin | Loss of cell directionality of migrating oral squamous carcinoma cells | [43] |
| r-mojastn-1, recombinant disintegrin | Crotalus scutulatus scutulatus | RGD | αvβ3, α3, and β1, | fibronectin and vitronectin | Inhibition of adhesion and migration of BXPC-3 pancreatic cancer cell line | [44,45] |
| r-viridistatin-2, recombinant disintigrin | Crotalus viridis viridis | RGD | αvβ3 | fibronectin and vitronectin | Inhibition of adhesion, migration and invasion of several cancer cell lines | [44,46] |
| Lebecin, C-type lectin-like protein | Macrovipera lebetina | - | αvβ3 | fibronectin and fibrinogen | Inhibition of adhesion and migration of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells | [47] |
| PIVL, Kunitz-type serin protease inhibitor | Macrovipera lebetina transmediterranea | RGN | αvβ3 | fibronectin and fibrinogen | Inhibition of adhesion, migration and invasion of human glioblastoma U87 cells | [48] |
n.d.: not determined.