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. 2017 Dec 27;4:17080. doi: 10.1038/hortres.2017.80

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Copyright © 2017 The Author(s)

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A hypothetical working process after JWB phytoplasma infection. During the primary stage, the phytoplasma is invading the plant and early perception has been activated. Phytoplasma gene could be detected by PCR. By the secondary stage the plant has mounted its defense response. JA-related proteins and JA levels are increasing, whereas auxin-related genes and levels are decreasing. There is a general downregulation of genes involved in plant–pathogen interaction and upregulation of genes involved in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis or metabolism. In the third stage, symptoms appear in the sensitive phenotype, concomitant with decreases in JA-related proteins and JA levels and photosynthesis-related genes. ↑ represented upregulation, ↓ represented downregulation.