Table 2.

Causes of Pregnancy-Related Death by Outcome of Pregnancy: United States, 2011–2013

Cause of Death	Pregnancy Outcome
	Live birth	Stillbirth	Ectopic	Abortion	Undelivered	Unknown	Total
Hemorrhage	112 (10.4)	21 (21.4)	51 (94.4)	6 (12.5)	19 (3.6)	19 (9.6)	228 (11.4)
Ruptured ectopic	1	0	51	0	2	0	54
Uterine rupture or laceration	11	9	0	3	2	3	28
Abruptio placenta	15	3	0	0	5	3	26
Placenta previa	5	0	0	0	1	0	6
Placenta accrete, increta, or percreta	10	3	0	0	3	3	19
Retained products of conception	3	0	0	0	1	0	4
Atony or other uterine bleeding	38	3	0	2	0	6	49
Other or unspecified	29	3	0	1	5	4	42
Thrombotic pulmonary embolism*	102 (9.5)	2 (2.0)	0 (0.0)	4 (8.3)	65 (12.2)	11 (5.5)	184 (9.2)
Amniotic pulmonary embolism	86 (8.0)	5 (5.1)	0 (0.0)	1 (2.1)	8 (1.5)	11 (5.5)	111 (5.5)
Hypertensive disorders	109 (10.1)	12 (12.2)	0 (0.0)	1 (2.1)	16 (3.0)	10 (5.0)	148 (7.4)
Preeclampsia	63	8	0	0	6	7	84
Eclampsia	46	4	0	1	10	3	64
Infection	118 (11.0)	16 (16.3)	0 (0.0)	19 (39.6)	73 (13.8)	29 (14.6)	255 (12.7)
Chorioamnionitis	4	1	0	2	1	2	10
Genital tract	1	0	0	0	0	0	1
Sepsis	66	6	0	11	27	15	125
Other or unspecified	47	9	0	6	45	12	119
Anesthesia complications	1 (0.1)	0 (0.0)	1 (1.9)	1 (2.1)	0 (0.0)	0 (0.0)	3 (0.2)
Cardiomyopathy	144 (13.4)	6 (6.1)	0 (0.0)	2 (4.2)	31 (5.8)	38 (19.1)	221 (11.0)
Cerebrovascular accident	83 (7.7)	3 (3.1)	1 (1.9)	0 (0.0)	29 (5.5)	17 (8.5)	133 (6.6)
Cardiovascular conditions	166 (15.4)	9 (9.2)	1 (1.9)	4 (8.3)	109 (20.5)	23 (11.6)	312 (15.5)
Noncardiovascular conditions	103 (9.6)	20 (20.4)	0 (0.0)	6 (12.5)	132 (24.9)	31 (15.6)	292 (14.5)
Unknown	54 (5.0)	4 (4.1)	0 (0.0)	4 (8.3)	50 (9.4)	10 (5.0)	122 (6.1)
Total	1,078 (100)	98 (100)	54 (100)	48 (100)	532 (100)	199 (100)	2,009 (100)

Data are n (%) or n.

^*Five “other” embolisms are included among the 184 thrombotic pulmonary embolisms.