Table 1.

Factors associated with isoniazid plasma concentrations below target maximum concentration

Characteristic	Cmax ≥ 3 μg/mL (N = 91)	Cmax < 3 μg/mL (N = 9)
Median (IQR) age (years)	5.0 (2.2 – 8.7)	2.2 (1.0 – 7.9)	0.224
Median (IQR) body weight (Kg)	14.0 (9.0 – 19.2)	9.1 (5.5 – 17.5)	0.300
Median (IQR) height (Cm)	99.0 (84.0 – 120.0)	84.0 (63.0 – 111.0)	0.211
Nutritional status
Median (IQR) weight-for-age Z score*	−2.5 ( −3.8 – −1.3)	−2.9 ( −4.1 – −2.8)	0.122
Median (IQR) height-for-age Z score	−2.0 ( −3.1 – −1.0)	−2.2 ( −4.2 – −1.5)	0.601
Median BMI-for-age Z score	−2.0 (−3.1 – −1.0)	−2.2 ( −4.2 – −1.5)	0.981
Median (IQR) mid-arm circumference	13.6 (12.3 – 16.0)	12.3 (10.1 – 17.3)	0.448
Median (IQR) drug dose (mg/kg)	11.5 (9.8 – 12.9)	11.2 (9.4 – 11.8)	0.674
Age (years) n (%)			0.205
< 2	19 (82.6%)	4 (17.4%)
≥ 2	72 (93.5%)	5 (6.5%)
Age (years) n (%)			0.313
< 5	43 (87.8%)	6 (12.2%)
≥ 5	48 (94.1%)	3 (5.9%)
Sex			0.730
Female	39 (92.9%)	3 (7.1%)
Male	52 (89.7%)	6 (10.3%)
HIV positive			1.000
No	45 (90.0%)	5 (10.0%)
Yes	46 (92.0%)	4 (8.0%)
NAT2 4-SNP phenotype status			0.052
Fast	10 (90.9%)	1 (9.1%)
Intermediate	37 (84.1%)	7 (15.9%)
Slow	44 (97.8%)	1 (2.2%)
NAT2 4-SNP phenotype status			0.039
Fast/intermediate	47 (85.5%)	8 (14.5%)
Slow	44 (97.8%)	1 (2.2%)