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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2018 Jan;37(1):43–51. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000001687

Table 5.

Factors associated with pyrazinamide plasma concentrations below target maximum concentration

Characteristic Cmax ≥ 20 μg/mL (N = 80) Cmax < 20 μg/mL (N = 17) P-value
Median (IQR) age (years) 5.0 (2.6 – 9.0) 1.7 (1.0 – 4.8) 0.006
Median (IQR) body weight (Kg) 14.1 (9.6 – 19.7) 7.5 (6.3 – 16.0) 0.028
Median (IQR) height (Cm) 99.5 (84.0 – 121.5) 77.0 (72.0 – 104.0) 0.006
Nutritional status
 Median (IQR) weight-for-age Z score* −2.6 (−3.8 – −1.5) −2.6 (−4.0 – −1.3) 0.927
 Median (IQR) height-for-age Z score −1.9 (−3.0 – −1.0) −2.9 (−3.3 – −1.5) 0.319
 Median (IQR) BMI-for-age Z score −1.9 (−3.0 – −1.0) −2.9 (−3.3 – −1.5) 0.473
 Median (IQR) mid-arm circumference 13.5 (12.3 – 16.0) 13.0 (10.6 – 14.3) 0.232
Median (IQR) drug dose (mg/kg) 25.9 (22.8 – 31.6) 24.6 (22.4 – 28.8) 0.317
Age (years) n (%) < 0.001
 < 2 13 (56.5%) 10 (43.5%)
 ≥ 2 67 (90.5%) 7 (9.5%)
Age (years) n (%) 0.017
 < 5 35 (72.9%) 13 (27.1%)
 ≥ 5 45 (91.8%) 4 (8.2%)
Sex 0.419
 Female 32 (78.0%) 9 (22.0%)
 Male 48 (85.7%) 8 (14.3%)
HIV positive 0.108
 No 43 (89.6%) 5 (10.4%)
 Yes 37 (75.5%0 12 (24.5%)