Table 4.

Estimation of the marginal geometric mean difference in p,p′-DDT and p,p′-DDE concentrations (ng/g-lipid) from five hypothetical interventions.^a

Population	Interventions			p,p′-DDT		p,p′-DDE
	Unexposed ($\mathit{A}=0$)	Exposed ($\mathit{A}=1$)	$n$b	$\mathrm{\Psi }$	95% CI	$\mathrm{\Psi }$	95% CI
All	Water not piped into home	Water piped into home	722	$-20.0$	($-45.3$, $-4.0$)	$-50.2$	($-\mathrm{152.1,\; 2.0}$)
	Wet mopping home $<7\text{times}\text{per}\text{week}$c	Wet mopping home $\ge 7\text{times}\text{per}\text{week}$c	721	$-14.6$	($-36.7$, $-2.9$)	$-69.0$	($-128.2$, $-13.7$)
	Washing bed sheets $<2\text{times}\text{per}\text{month}$c	Washing bed sheets $\ge 2\text{times}\text{per}\text{month}$c	719	11.2	($-3.6$, 25.5)	19.5	($-35.9$, 66.8)
	Eating a high fat dietd	Not eating a high fat dietd	751	0.3	($-16.9$, 14.5)	30.2	($-24.9$, 90.7)
	Consuming local animal products during pregnancye	Not consuming local animal products during pregnancye	751	$-11.8$	($-29.4$, 3.1)	$-50.3$	($-110.5$, 17.7)
Home ever sprayed with DDT	Water not piped into home	Water piped into home	245	$-103.0$	($-785.1$, $-82.6$)	$-345.7$	($-1910.6$, $-200.4$)
	Wet mopping home $<7\text{times}\text{per}\text{week}$c	Wet mopping home $\ge 7\text{times}\text{per}\text{week}$c	245	$-90.3$	($-570.5$, $-6.5$)	$-306.8$	($-1980.8$, $-281.4$)
	Washing bed sheets $<2\text{times}\text{per}\text{month}$c	Washing bed sheets $\ge 2\text{times}\text{per}\text{month}$c	245	41.7	($-173.6$, 322.9)	60.6	($-499.8$, 938.5)
	Eating a high fat dietd	Not eating a high fat dietd	254	4.0	($-562.6$, 238.5)	44.0	($-1034.7$, 784.0)
	Consuming local animal products during pregnancye	Not consuming local animal products during pregnancye	254	$-40.8$	($-920.9$, 106.2)	$-103.4$	($-2093.2$, 219.5)
Home never sprayed with DDT	Water not piped into home	Water piped into home	461	$-7.3$	($-58.4$, 33.2)	$-9.1$	($-215.7$, 180.1)
	Wet mopping home $<7\text{times}\text{per}\text{week}$c	Wet mopping home $\ge 7\text{times}\text{per}\text{week}$c	460	$-7.1$	($-48.7$, 12.4)	$-29.7$	($-186.3$, 36.8)
	Washing bed sheets $<2\text{times}\text{per}\text{month}$c	Washing bed sheets $\ge 2\text{times}\text{per}\text{month}$c	458	4.3	($-14.6$, 37.5)	$-2.5$	($-117.5$, 92)
	Eating a high fat dietd	Not eating a high fat dietd	478	0.4	($-23.7$, 42.8)	25.6	(0.3, 208.9)
	Consuming local animal products during pregnancye	Not consuming local animal products during pregnancye	478	$-4.5$	($-59.6$, 41.2)	$-15.4$	($-285.8$, 189.2)

^a$\mathrm{\Psi }\mathrm{=}$ parameter estimate for the marginal geometric mean difference in serum concentrations from TMLE; 95% $\text{CI}=95\%$ confidence interval estimated from 1,000 bootstrapped estimates of the observed data using the percentile method (Efron 1979).

^bParticipants excluded if answering “Don’t know” to question, refusing to answer question, or lost to follow up.

^cCleaning intervention levels are the median frequencies reported by mothers.

^dHigh fat diet defined as $\ge 75\text{th}$ %ile of fat intake for all mothers.

^eAnimal products include meat, poultry, eggs, dairy, and fish.