Figure 2.

Cryo-scanning electron micrographs of freeze-fractured liverwort gametophytes (a–c) and sporophytes (d–l); Neohodgsonia mirabilis (a); Athalamia hyalina (b); Riccia huebeneriana (c); Dumortiera hirsuta (d); Treubia lacunosa (e–g); Allisonia cockaynii (h); Haplomitrium gibbsiae (i); Monoclea forsteri (j); Pellia epiphylla (k); Wettsteinia schusteriana (l). (a–c) Sections through thalli showing liquid- (asterisk) and gas-filled (arrowed) chambers. (d–l) Sections through carpocephalum stalk (d) and setae showing liquid-filled (asterisk) ICSs. The setae of some genera also contain a central fluid-filled lysigenous cavity (e,f,h) with remnants of broken cells around their periphery (arrowed in f). Scale bars: (e) 500 µm; (b,h) 100 µm; (a,c,f,g) 50 µm; (d, j–l) 20 µm; (i) 10 µm.