Table 5.
Quantification of antibiotic residues in meat samples with HPLC.
| Meat Type | N (%) | Ciprofloxacin | Streptomycin | Sulfanilamide | Tetracycline | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean ± SD (μg/kg) | Range μg/kg | >MRL | N (%) | Mean ± SD (μg/kg) | Range μg/kg | >MRL | N (%) | Mean ± SD (μg/kg) | Range μg/kg | >MRL | N (%) | Mean ± SD (μg/kg) | Range μg/kg | >MRL | ||
| Chicken | ||||||||||||||||
| Liver | 2 (11) | 65.2 ± 13.85 | 34.7–95.6 | Nil | 6 (50) | 187.2 ± 2.9 | 106.5–325.1 | Nil | 7 (100) | 32.5 ± 21.1 | 20.7–65.9 | Nil | 8 | 98.3 ± 27.7 | 46.8–220.2 | Nil |
| Muscle | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | 3 (33) | 120.8 ± 3.3 | 65.2–386.4 | Nil | 2 (67) | 45.8 ± 35.1 | 35.2–81.6 | Nil | 3 | 52.3 ± 22.2 | 44.3–65.2 | Nil |
| Beef | ||||||||||||||||
| Liver | 1 (10) | 44.39 ± 0.00 | Nil | Nil | 5 (63) | 201.2 ± 12.2 | 108.7–420.4 | Nil | 5 (100) | 33.2 ± 25.3 | 23.7–71.5 | Nil | 4 | 71.6 ± 27.3 | 54.2–148.9 | Nil |
| Kidney | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | 3 (38) | 711.6 ± 3.3 | 625.9–952.2 | Nil | 3 (60) | 48.2 ± 26.90 | 26.9–82.1 | Nil | 2 | 181.3 ± 28.6 | 41.8–320.8 | Nil |
| Muscle | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | 1 (100) | 62.1 ± 0.00 | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil |
| Pork | ||||||||||||||||
| Liver | 2 (25) | 34.2 ± 13.82 | 32.8–35.6 | Nil | 1 (25) | 30.21 ± 0.00 | Nil | Nil | 2 (100) | 58.6 ± 35.2 | 35.2–73.9 | Nil | 2 | 77.2 ± 44.3 | 68.6–80.3 | Nil |
| Kidney | 1 (20) | 120.3 ± 0.00 | Nil | Nil | 4 (47) | 421.5 ± 2.7 | 320.7–775.8 | Nil | 3 (75) | 53.2 ± 27.6 | 27.9–77.9 | Nil | 2 | 54.7 ± 16.5 | 44.3–65.2 | Nil |
| Muscle | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | Nil | 1 | 84.2 ± 0.00 | Nil | Nil |
| Total (%) | 6 (7.14) | 66.09 ± 13.83 | 32.8–95.6 | Nil | 22 (39.3) | 278.7 ± 4.8 | 65.2–952.2 | Nil | 23 (85.2) | 47.9 ± 28.5 | 20.7–82.1 | Nil | 22 (57.89) | 88.5 ± 27.8 | 41.8–320.8 | Nil |
N = number of positive samples (% of positive samples), SD = standard deviation, MRL = maximum residue limit.