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Glutamine regulates mTORC1 activation. Glutamine activates mTORC1 through the simultaneous efflux of leucine into cells by the bidirectional transporter, SLC7A5. Imported leucine binds to Sestrin2 and disrupts the Sestrin2-GATOR2 interaction, resulting in the recruitment of mTORC1 to lysosomes. Glutamine-derived α-ketoglutarate can directly stimulate lysosomal localization and activation of mTORC1. mTORC1: mechanistic target of the rapamycin complex 1.
