Table 2. Prevalence ratios and 95% confidence interval for NCDs among men, by educational level and survey year from 2007 to 2015.
| 2007–2009 | 2010–2012 | 2013- 2015 |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1† | Model 2‡ | Model 1† | Model 2‡ | Model 1† | Model 2‡ | |
| Diabetes | ||||||
| Elementary school | 1.11 (0.81 to 1.53) |
1.15 (0.84 to 1.60) |
1.14 (0.86 to 1.50) |
1.11 (0.84 to 1.47) |
1.14 (0.89 to 1.45) |
1.11 (0.87 to 1.42) |
| Middle school | 1.38 (1.02 to 1.88) |
1.40 (1.03 to 1.91) |
1.45 (1.09 to 1.91) |
1.39 (1.05 to 1.83) |
1.19 (0.92 to 1.55) |
1.16 (0.90 to 1.52) |
| High school | 1.32 (1.04 to 1.66) |
1.30 (1.03 to 1.65) |
1.41 (1.13 to 1.75) |
1.37 (1.09 to 171) |
1.28 (1.05 to 1.55) |
1.24 (1.02 to 1.50) |
| University level or above | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| p for trend | 0.478 | 0.331 | 0.298 | 0.396 | 0.331 | 0.438 |
| Arthritis | ||||||
| Elementary school | 2.70 (1.75 to 4.16) |
2.77 (1.78 to 4.31) |
1.52 (1.03 to 2.23) |
1.57 (1.07 to 2.33) |
2.60 (1.70 to 3.98) |
2.62 (1.71 to 4.04) |
| Middle school | 2.23 (1.47 to 3.43) |
2.22 (1.47 to 3.48) |
1.75 (1.14 to 2.69) |
1.76 (1.15 to 2.71) |
2.31 (1.42 to 3.76) |
2.32 (1.41 to 3.78) |
| High school | 1.52 (0.93 to 2.47) |
1.51 (0.92 to 2.47) |
1.15 (0.74 to 1.76) |
1.17 (0.76 to 1.80) |
1.85 (1.22 to 2.79) |
1.85 (1.22 to 2.81) |
| University level or above | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| p for trend | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.010 | 0.006 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Asthma | ||||||
| Elementary school | 2.14 (1.22 to 3.77) |
2.22 (1.28 to 4.06) |
2.47 (1.35 to 4.52) |
2.43 (1.32 to 4.45) |
1.17 (0.58 to 2.37) |
1.21 (0.59 to 2.46) |
| Middle school | 1.45 (0.88 to 2.38) |
1.56 (0.92 to 2.58) |
1.47 (0.75 to 2.88) |
1.47 (0.75 to 2.89) |
0.97 (0.53 to 1.76) |
0.98 (0.54 to 1.80) |
| High school | 0.78 (0.49 to 1.26) |
0.82 (0.51 to 1.34) |
0.81 (0.49 to 1.32) |
0.81 (0.50 to 1.32) |
0.68 (0.40 to 1.14) |
0.69 (0.41 to 1.17) |
| University level or above | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| p for trend | 0.007 | 0.004 | 0.016 | 0.018 | 0.947 | 0.958 |
| Depressive symptoms | ||||||
| Elementary school | 1.79 (1.32 to 2.43) |
1.74 (1.28 to 2.35) |
1.87 (1.34 to 2.62) |
1.75 (1.25 to 2.45) |
2.78 (1.83 to 4.20) |
2.75 (1.82 to 4.18) |
| Middle school | 1.30 (0.96 to 1.77) |
1.25 (0.93 to 1.70) |
1.81 (1.32 to 2.46) |
1.73 (1.27 to 2.37) |
2.25 (1.43 to 3.56) |
2.25 (1.44 to 3.56) |
| High school | 1.12 (0.90 to 1.40) |
1.08 (0.86 to 1.35) |
1.36 (1.07 to 1.75) |
1.30 (1.02 to 1.67) |
1.58 (1.17 to 2.13) |
1.56 (1.15 to 2.11) |
| University level or above | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| p for trend | <0.001 | 0.003 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
†Model 1: Adjusted for age.
‡Model 2: Adjusted for age, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity and obesity.